Components of a Computer System

Components of a Computer System

Components of a Computer System Inside the system unit -T-The cabinet Inside it :- Mother Board, CPU, RAM, ROM, Data Bus, Hard Disk, Power Supply Unit etc…

Components of a Computer System Processor / CPU (Central Processing Unit ) - Brain of the Computer -S-Speed is measured in Hz (Eg:- 2.4GHz Processor) -C-Control Unit, ALU, Cache memory are in this chip -E-Examples:- Intel Pentium, AMD, Cyrix …..

Components of a Computer System Mother Board Main Circuit Board ROM chip, Processor socket, Ram Slot and Chips and other electronic parts are on it

Components of a Computer System Power Supply unit Converts Alternative Current (AC) to the Direct Current (DC) and Distribute to the parts like Hard disk, Mother Board, CD ROM Drive etc..

Components of a Computer System Peripheral devices All the devices that are connected through the ports back side of the system unit

Components of a Computer System Connecting Devices to ports Serial Port

Components of a Computer System Connecting Devices to ports Vedio Card Port

Components of a Computer System Connecting Devices to ports Parallel Port

Components of a Computer System Connecting Devices to ports PS/2 Port

Components of a Computer System Connecting Devices to ports USB Port (Universal serial Bus)

Components of a Computer System Connecting Devices to ports Ethernet Port (Network Port)

Components of a Computer System Storage Registers Cache Main Memory Disk Magnetic Tapes High Cost Low Low Access Time High

Components of a Computer System Storage Smallest Unit = 1 bit 8 Bits = 1 Byte 1024 Byte = 1 KB (Kilo Byte) 1024 KB = 1 MB (Mega Byte) 1024 MB = 1 GB (Giga Byte) 1024 GB = 1 Tera Byte (TB) 1024 TB = 1 Peta Byte (PB) 1024 PB = 1 exa byte (EB) 1024 EB = 1 zetta byte (ZB) 1024 ZB = Yotta byte (YB) 1024 YB = 1 xona byte 1024 XB = 1 weka byte (WB) ……….

Components of a Computer System Memory Cache Memory Random Access Memory Read Only Memory

Components of a Computer System Cache Memory Why :- Holds Data that immediately use by CPU Where :- In The CPU Capacity :- 512 KB, 1 MB etc…

Components of a Computer System RAM (Random Access Memory) Why :- Holds Data Temporary (Volatile) Where :- On the Mother Board Capacity :- 128MB, 256,512MB, 1 GB ….

Components of a Computer System ROM (Read Only Memory)/ Firmware Why :- Holds basic instructions that the computer wants Where :- On the Mother Board Non-Volatile Memory There are 3 kinds

PROM – Programmable ROM Instructions once written can not be changed EPROM – Erasable Programmable ROM Instructions can be change by using a UV (Ultra Violet) light in a ROM Burner machine. EEPROM – Erasable Programmable ROM Instructions can be change by using Electricity Components of a Computer System

Components of a Computer System Secondary Storage

Components of a Computer System Hard Disk Why :- Holds Data Permanently Where :- In the System unit How data Stored:- By polarizing Magnetic Particles Capacity :- 20GB, 40GB, 80 GB, 160 GB …..

Components of a Computer System Hard Disk PlattersHeads Tracks A sector, being the smallest physical storage unit on the disk A cluster can consist of one or more consecutive sectors.

Components of a Computer System Floppy Disk Why :- Holds Data Permanently Where :- Floppy drive is in the System unit How data Stored:- By polarizing Magnetic Particles Capacity / Size : MB, 3 ½ inches

Components of a Computer System Zip Disk & Jaz Disks Capacity :- Zip 100 to 750 MB Jaz – 1 & 2 GB

Components of a Computer System Magneto Optical disk Why :- To store valuable data like films master copy etc… How data Stored:- Using Laser Head & Magnetic Head Capacity :- From 128 MB to …. GB

Components of a Computer System Magnatic Tapes Why :- To store data (Used for Backup purpose)

Components of a Computer System Compact Disks(CD)/ Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) Why :- To store data out side the computer How data Stored:- Using Laser Lights Capacity :- CD up to 700 MB, DVD 2 GB to 8 GB

Components of a Computer System Mechanism of saving data

Components of a Computer System Input Devices Key Board Function Keys Numeric Key Pad Wired And Wire less Key Board Available

Components of a Computer System Input Devices Mouse X Y

Components of a Computer System Input Devices Tracker BallTouch pad

Components of a Computer System Input Devices Micro phoneDigital Camera

Components of a Computer System Input Devices Scanner OCR (Optical Character Recognition) +

Components of a Computer System Input Devices Finger Print Reader

Components of a Computer System Input Devices Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)

Components of a Computer System Input Devices Environment Sensors

Components of a Computer System Output Devices Cathode Ray Tube (CRT Monitors)

Components of a Computer System Output Devices Liquid Crystal Display (LCD Monitors) Less Space Low Power consumption Brightness images No Flickers or Distortion Expensive Limited View angles

Components of a Computer System Output Devices Printers Dot Matrix Ink Jet Laser

Components of a Computer System Output Devices Speakers Head phones

Components of a Computer System Device Drivers Software CDs provided with Devices + +

Components of a Computer System Software Computer Hardware Can be seen & touch Software Instructions given to computer Liveware People who work with computers

Components of a Computer System Software Software Operating Software Controls all the part of computer & lays between Hardware and Application Software Word processing Application Software System Software Utility programs Enhance the capability of an O/S Spread SheetData Base ManagementPresentationDesktop publishing & Graphic Design Web Design & Development

Components of a Computer System Graphical User Interface (GUI) & Command Line Interface (CLI) All the commands should be given by text commands can be given by clicking

Components of a Computer System Function of Operating System Hardware Application software Operating System (Works as a Bridge) I am Typing a Letter using MS word As Windows XP bring me to the Desktop

Components of a Computer System Booting the Computer POST – Power On Self Test CMOS Setup – BIOS – Basic Input Output System Boot Strap Loader AM