Talkin’ bout a Revolution The Scientific Revolution is different than say the American Revolution There is no generally agreed upon start and end date In fact there is even debate if a Scientific Revolution even took place

Talkin’ bout a Revolution For our purposes let’s say that a Scientific Revolution DID take place The Scientific Revolution took place between the mid 1500’s to the mid 1700’s

Talkin’ bout a Revolution During this time period there were tremendous advances in areas such as astronomy, mathematics, biology, medicine, physics, among other areas It was during this time period that what we would call modern science was born

The Scientific Revolution The Scientific Revolution began during the Renaissance With the rediscovery of Greek and Roman texts there was also a rediscovery of scientific ideas

Interactive Notebook Set Up 3/31/2017 Scientific Revolution Chart This will be on 2 pages

Name: Contributions: Scientific Field : Name: Contributions: Scientific Field : Name: Contributions: Scientific Field :

Name: Contributions: Scientific Field : Name: Contributions: Scientific Field : Name: Contributions: Scientific Field :

The Scientific Revolution One of the events which is pointed to as the start of the Scientific Revolution is Nicolaus Copernicus publishing a book entitled On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres Copernicus was a Polish astronomer

Nicolaus Copernicus This book written by Copernicus suggested a heliocentric model of the Universe as opposed to geocentric model of the Universe Now what do those centric words mean?

Nicolaus Copernicus The geocentric model states that the Earth is the center of the Universe The heliocentric model states that the Sun is the center of the Universe

Let’s start with

Astronomy We already talked about Copernicus Remember he proposed the theory that the Sun NOT the Earth was the center of the Universe? Well some other pretty important people built on his ideas

Galileo Galilei

Galileo Galilei Galileo was an Italian astronomer and scientist He is most commonly remembered as the first person to use a telescope Though this is for the most part true he did a lot more than this

Galileo Galilei Through his use of the telescope Galileo made many important discoveries These discoveries include: Sun Spots 4 Moons of Jupiter Mountains on the Moon Strong evidence to support the Heliocentric Model of the Universe

Sun Spots

4 Moons of Jupiter

Mountains on the Moon

Galileo and the Heliocentric Universe In his book Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems Galileo compares theories on the Universe He supported the theory that the Sun was the center of the Solar System His stance was extremely controversial at the time

Galileo and the Church Galileo’s writing on the heliocentric universe was convicted of “grave suspicion of heresy” This lead to Galileo being placed under house arrest for the last 9 years of his life

Trial of Galileo

Johannes Kepler

Johannes Kepler Kepler built on the works of Copernicus and Galileo He made improvements to the telescope, making it more powerful Kepler is best remembered for his Laws of Planetary Motion

Laws of Planetary Motion Kepler described how the planets orbited around the sun He described the orbit of planets as an ellipse as opposed to a circle Kepler put a strong emphasis on God in his work

Francis Bacon

Francis Bacon

Francis Bacon Bacon was not actually primarily a scientist Rather he was spent more of his time on philosophy and law He brought principles of philosophy and law to the practice of science

Bacon and his Method In 1620 Bacon wrote a book entitled New Method The new method attempted to replace that of Aristotle Bacon relied on something called inductive reasoning

Bacon and his Method Inductive reasoning means moving from particular to a more general In Bacon’s method scientist start with a hypothesis What is a hypothesis?

Bacon and his Method After the creation of the hypothesis scientists would make lots of observations and collect data This data and observations would come from a series of test and experiments The goal was create general understanding of the world

Bacon and his Method The principles of Bacon’s Scientific Method are still used today Newton practiced Bacon’s Scientific Method

Isaac Newton

Isaac Newton Issac Newton is one the greatest scientists ever His contributions impacted: mathematics, physics, astronomy, philosophy He is best remembered for his Universal Laws of Gravity

The Principa Newton published a book called Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy or The Principa In this Newton described the natural laws which governed the Earth and the Universe

Newton’s Laws of Motion Objects in Motion tend to stay in motion and objects at rest tend to stay at rest Acceleration of an object is dependent on the amount of force put on that object For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Newton’s Laws of Motion Newton showed that these laws were not only true on Earth but throughout the Universe This created a new understanding of the way the Universe worked Newton’s model of the Universe dominated until Einstein introduced Relativity

Andreas Vesalius

Andreas Vesalius Vesalius published a book entitled On the fabric of the human body In this book Vesalius described the structure of the human body in great detail He described each organ and it’s function

Advances of Vesalius Vesalius changed the previously held belief that the Liver was where blood originated Vesalius constructed the first free standing skeleton His work owe a tremendous deal to Renaissance study of the human body

William Harvey

William Harvey Harvey built heavily on the work of Vesalius Harvey made a more complete description of the circulation of blood throughout the human body He wrote about this in his book: On the Motion of the Heart and Blood