CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Quick Review What do cells use energy for? What is a instant source of energy for cells? Where in ATP is the energy stored? How do you get the energy? How do you “recharge” the energy molecule? Why is the enzyme ATP synthase important? Explain why ATP is like a battery.

Quick Review What is the equation for photosynthesis? What organelle contains chlorophyll? What “goes into” photosynthesis? What “comes out of” photosynthesis? What is the ultimate energy source for all life on Earth? How can the sun’s energy be made usable for life on Earth?

CELLULAR RESPIRATION Two types: A. ANAEROBIC B. AEROBIC

CELLULAR RESPIRATION Aerobic = needs oxygen Examples: mammals, trees, bacteria Anaerobic-does NOT need oxygen Examples: tetanus, and botulism Obligate anaerobes = must have no oxygen Clostridium and methane-producing archaea (ancient bacteria)

Tetanus disease occurs as a result of Clostridium bacteria

Glucose is broken down for energy - ATP!!!!! CELLULAR RESPIRATION Glucose is broken down for energy - ATP!!!!! What do cells need ATP for?

Two different metabolic pathways – begin in cytoplasm: CELLULAR RESPIRATION Two different metabolic pathways – begin in cytoplasm: A. Fermentation (anaerobic) B. Aerobic cellular respiration Moves into mitochondria Mitochondria = energy organelle!!

Glucose incompletely broken down CELLULAR RESPIRATION A. FERMENTATION Glucose incompletely broken down Some energy remains in resulting molecule 2 ATP 2 Types: Alcoholic & Lactic Acid

ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION CELLULAR RESPIRATION Anaerobic ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION In yeast - fermentation: Glucose  carbon dioxide & ethanol C6H12O6  2CO2 + C2H5OH and 2 ATP Yeast cells do alcoholic fermentation

ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION CELLULAR RESPIRATION Anaerobic Wine and beer industry – ferment carbohydrates in fruits and grains to produce ______________ ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION

ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION CELLULAR RESPIRATION Baking – CO2 causes bread to rise ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION Anaerobic

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION CELLULAR RESPIRATION Animals and some microbes produce lactic acid Yogurt Cheeses Sourdough bread LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION Anaerobic

Animals and some microbes produce lactic acid Muscle fatigue CELLULAR RESPIRATION Animals and some microbes produce lactic acid Muscle fatigue From lactic acid in muscles

B. AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION Glucose completely broken down to inorganic molecules More chemical energy converted to ATP

AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION Glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O and 36 ATP Note – oxygen required!!

AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION Final steps occur in the mitochondria 36 ATP

CELLULAR RESPIRATION Pathway ATP Fermentation 2 Aerobic respiration 36

Anaerobic Respiration – 2 ATP Aerobic Respiration – 36 ATP How much energy (ATP) is produced during respiration? Anaerobic Respiration – 2 ATP Aerobic Respiration – 36 ATP Aerobic is more efficient!

Glucose  cellular respiration  ATP C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O Cellular respiration is how cells get ATP from glucose! Glucose  cellular respiration  ATP GLUCOSE

Think … How does the formula for photosynthesis compare to the formula for cellular respiration ? PS: 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 CR: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O

Comparing Photosynthesis and Respiration Food (glucose) is made Energy from the Sun stored in Glucose CO2 taken in Oxygen given off Occurs in plants Respiration Food (glucose) is broken down Energy of Glucose Released as ATP CO2 given off Oxygen taken in Occurs in plants and animals

Review video: Cellular Respiration 2 minutes

Quick Review 1. What molecule is like a battery for the cell? 2. Where in ATP is the energy stored? 3. How do you get the energy? 4. How do you “recharge” ADP? 5. What “goes into” photosynthesis? What “comes out of” photosynthesis? 6. What organelle is the site of PS?

Quick Review 7. What molecule is broken down by cellular respiration to make ATP? 8.Where in the cell does cellular respiration begin? 9. What organism uses fermentation to produce carbon dioxide and alcohol? 10. What is one use of the carbon dioxide that yeasts produce? 11. Is fermentation aerobic or anaerobic?

Quick Review 12. Where in the cell does aerobic cellular respiration conclude? 13. How many ATP molecules are produced by fermentation? aerobic cellular respiration? 14. What is the formula for cellular respiration? 15. How does PS compare with CR? How else? 16. T/F? Plants and animals do CR.

Classwork Assignment from the textbook: A) page 237, Copy the information in Table 9.1 B) page 236, read the Minilab and complete the 4 Analysis questions