Hydrocarbon Derivatives

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Presentation transcript:

Hydrocarbon Derivatives Amines Amides Amino Acids

Amines contain N general format: RNH2 NH2 = amino group N: bonding capacity of 3

Properties molecules are polar: boiling points: H bonding (H bonded to N) weaker than H-bonding in alcohols & carboxylic acids H-N weaker than H-O boiling points: higher than -anes with same #C’s lower than alcohols & organic acids with same #C’s amines smell really, really bad

Table R I 1 amines: RNH 2 amines: RNR‘ 3 amines: RNR“ H H R’

Naming Amines find name of base hydrocarbon drop -e from -ane ending & add amine # in front of name indicates C where amino group attached

H H H HCCNH H H ethanamine      H H H H HCCCNH H H H     1-propanamine   

< H H H N H HCCCH H H H    2-propanamine    CH2CH2CH2 1,3-propanediamine   NH2 NH2

NH2  NH2  CHCH2CH2CH 1,1,4,4-butanetetraamine  NH2  NH2

Examples of amines PABA caffeine novacain B-vitamins dyes

Amides amino group bonded to C of carbonyl group contain 2 functional groups: carbonyl group (>C=O) AND amino group (NH2) amino group bonded to C of carbonyl group amides link amino acids together

Properties of Amides boiling point: IMF: hydrogen bonding (N-H) higher bp than ane with same #C’s lower bp than alcohols & acids with same #C’s simple amides are solids at room temp smaller amides are very soluble in water

Table R O = general format: RCNH2 formed through chem reaction: carboxylic acid: R-COOH replace the OH with NH2 name: no # needed amide group is always on end C

Naming Amides find name alkane with same # of C’s drop -e from -ane ending & replace with amide

H  O = HCCNH2 ethanamide  H O = propanamide CH3CH2CNH2

Amino Acids only need to recognize them do not need to name them 2 functional groups: contain carboxyl group (-COOH) AND contain amino group (-NH2) amine group on C NEXT to C of carboxyl group

amino acids NH2  O = CH3CC  alanine OH NH2  O glycine = CH2C  OH