The John Adams Presidency should be viewed as a failure Select ONE (1) of the following events of George Washington’s Presidency that you believe shaped his legacy the most. Determine why the selected event was more important than the other ones. - Whiskey Rebellion - Farewell Address - Jay’s Treaty Format Paragraph 1 - Intro and Thesis Paragraph 2 - Your selected event and why it had the biggest impact on Washington Paragraph 3 - Analyze why your selected event is more important than one event Paragraph 4- Analyze why your selected event is more important than the remaining event The John Adams Presidency should be viewed as a failure Assess the validity of the following statement using 3 (THREE) of the following events Alien Act Sedition Act XYZ Affair Foreign Relations with France Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

“American Progress” by John Gast, 1872 - Find symbols of expansion

John O’Sullivan’s “Manifest Destiny” Term first coined by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845. ".... the right of our manifest destiny to over spread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federaltive development of self-government entrusted to us. It is right such as that of the tree to the space of air and the earth suitable for the full expansion of its principle and destiny of growth."

Critics of Manifest Destiny Not Gods Will War Mistreatment Enslavement/Subjugation Immoral Justify cruel treatment of people Spread of Slavery We had enough land

Zebulon Pike Great Plains & Rocky Mountains Western Exploration 1800-1830 Major Stephen Long mapped the Great Plains Zebulon Pike Great Plains & Rocky Mountains Jedediah Smith 1822-1830 was the 1st American to explore California John C Fremont - California Lewis & Clark

The Santa Fe Trail allowed the U.S. to sell goods to Texas Western Trails The Santa Fe Trail allowed the U.S. to sell goods to Texas The Oregon Trail led to massive immigration of western farmers in 1840s & demands to end the joint U.S.-British occupation of Oregon The California Trail allowed traders & ranchers to move to California in 1830s & 1840s

Overland Immigration to the West Between 1840 and 1860, more than 250,000 people made the trek westward.

Territorial Expansions of the Manifest Destiny MAINE OREGON TEXAS CALIFORNIA

The Aroostook “War,” 1839 The only war ever declared by a state. Bloodless war between Canada and Maine. Expulsion of Canadian Lumberjacks. 50,000 men and $10,000,000 to pay for the “war.” General Winfield Scott arranged a truce

Maine Boundary Settlement, 1842

Territorial Expansion by Mid-19th Century Oregon U.S. & Britain jointly occupied Oregon Britain claimed a greater stake of Oregon via Hudson Bay Co. (fur trade)

Oregon Fur Trading “Mountain Men” Live off the land Dangerous lives Learned from Native Americas Sometimes Violence Whitmans Killed by Native Americas

The Oregon Boundary Dispute But, the USA & England compromised & divided Oregon along 49th parallel in 1846 Oregon residents demanded the entire territory: “54º40’ or fight!” In 1846, President Polk notified Britain that the U.S. wanted full control of Oregon

The Oregon Trail – Albert Bierstadt, 1869

Many kinds of people travel on the trail Many kinds of people travel on the trail. What are the pros and cons of each of these men? A. Banker from Boston B. Carpenter from Ohio C. Farmer from Illinois Which month will you leave on your trip? 1. March 2. April 3. May 4. June 5. July

How’d they get there? The Conestoga Wagon

Which of the following supplies would you buy, and how much? 1. Oxen Food Clothing Ammunition Spare Parts

The Oregon Trail

Trails Westward

Pioneers Face Difficulties on the Oregon Trail The trip took months Many walked Many people died from FEVER, DIARRHEA, and CHOLERA, and were BURIED alongside the trail Attacked by Native Americans Loneliness and despair

Negative Consequences of Following Trails West Disastrous to the local Native Americans: Diseases brought forth by American settlers Violence that broke out between Indians and settlers Disastrous to many Americans, proving to be a perilous journey for both traders and settlers. Settlers died from disease & famine Animals lost due to lack of resources, attacks by wild animals, and Indian attacks, etc.

The Doomed Donner Party A group of California-bound American emigrants caught up in the "westering fever" of the 1840s. After becoming snowbound in the Sierra Nevada in the winter of 1846–1847, some of them resorted to cannibalism. CANNIBALISM Margaret Patrick John Breen Breen Breen Of the 83 members of the Donner Party, only 45 survived to get to California!