Effectiveness of Lookingglass Hatchery UV Disinfection Water System Sam Onjukka, ODFW Fish Health Services And Diane Deal, Assistant Mgr. Lookingglass Hatchery

Lookingglass Fish Hatchery Came on-line in a study conducted by Dr. Warren Groberg, Sam Onjukka & others, recommended developing a pathogen free water supply for LGH for disease management 1999 a study conducted by Dr. Warren Groberg, Sam Onjukka & others, recommended developing a pathogen free water supply for LGH for disease management

Ultraviolet System = UV System Went on-line in March, 2006 Drum Filter Drum Filter UV Shell/UV lights UV Shell/UV lights Inlet/Outlet Weir Boxes Inlet/Outlet Weir Boxes Gravity flow = Very simple and effective system Gravity flow = Very simple and effective system Original Cost, $285,000 = UV System & Building Original Cost, $285,000 = UV System & Building

Part 1 -Maintenance Weekly = Check spray bar nozzles Weekly = Check spray bar nozzles Hourly = Lube drum filter, two bogie wheels and zirks Hourly = Lube drum filter, two bogie wheels and zirks Monthly = Clean lamps, spray bar filter every other month Monthly = Clean lamps, spray bar filter every other month Yearly = all other service once a year which includes changing bulbs, cleaning crystals, pressure washing, filter cleaning, etc. Yearly = all other service once a year which includes changing bulbs, cleaning crystals, pressure washing, filter cleaning, etc. Maintain a Maintenance Log Maintain a Maintenance Log

Part 1 – Related Expenses July, 2007 Prices Filter Panels = $ each Filter Panels = $ each Screen Patching Plugs = $1.28 each Screen Patching Plugs = $1.28 each O-Rings = $4.00 a pack of 10 O-Rings = $4.00 a pack of 10 Nozzles = $4.50 each Nozzles = $4.50 each UV Lamps = $ each UV Lamps = $ each UV Crystals = $ each UV Crystals = $ each Complete back-up sets are kept on station Complete back-up sets are kept on station

Maintenance Log

Back-Up System July 2007 Quote Cost = $14, Cost = $14, Additional 14 lamps with Quartz sleeves & insert kit, and Control panel = additional dosage or back-up in case of lamp/panel failure Additional 14 lamps with Quartz sleeves & insert kit, and Control panel = additional dosage or back-up in case of lamp/panel failure

Natural Rearing can now be accomplished because of the UV Treated water All of Lookingglass Hatcherys program is being reared at the facility All of Lookingglass Hatcherys program is being reared at the facility Frees up facilities that were rearing our fry, for other programs Frees up facilities that were rearing our fry, for other programs Cost effective – chillers are shut down as soon as we can put eggs on UV treated creek water – Well water supplementation becomes < 25% and more water is available for de-icing the Intake Cost effective – chillers are shut down as soon as we can put eggs on UV treated creek water – Well water supplementation becomes < 25% and more water is available for de-icing the Intake Daily electrical cost, UV = $2.86/day, Chiller = $8.03 day, Well $215.37/day per 2007 rates Daily electrical cost, UV = $2.86/day, Chiller = $8.03 day, Well $215.37/day per 2007 rates

Part 2 – Fish Health & Effectiveness of Lookingglass Hatcherys UV disinfection water system Less Pathogen load Less Pathogen load Better water quality = Better Fish Health Better water quality = Better Fish Health

Effectiveness of Lookingglass Hatchery UV Disinfection Water System Bacterial counts in Pre and Post UV treated Water Sam Onjukka ODFW – Fish Health Services Eastern Oregon University, La Grande, Oregon Diane Deal ODFW - Lookingglass Hatchery

Fish Health Recommendations to Reduce the Incidence and Severity of Disease (2002) CategoryFactorRecommendationProgramConstraint(s) Prevention Vertical Transmission of Rs (BKD) -Cull eggs from females with significant Rs infection levels.( concern) -Genetic concerns -Production goals -Management plan Prevention Horizontal Transmission (fish to fish) -Rs (BKD) -IHNV -other pathogens -Develop pathogen free water supply -Dont pass adults (reduce pathogen load in water) -Segregation Rearing for Rs -Reduce Rearing Density Money? Others? OR Law HB3002 # Available Ponds #Ponds vs Production Operational Routes for Transmission -Reduce Handling/Marking -Strict disinfection/Sanitation -Evaluation Req. -Habits/Tradition, $$ Treatment Antibiotic Therapy -Minimum of two Aquamycin feedings for Rs -Program & timing -Water temp. fall

Lookingglass Hatchery UV System Flow vs. Dose Relationship

Effectiveness of the UV System Measured by a reduction in total bacterial counts in post UV treated water as compared to raw Lookingglass Creek water = pre UV treated water

Bacterial Testing Procedure Water samples collected in sterile containers, kept dark on ice. Water samples collected in sterile containers, kept dark on ice. Each sample diluted 10 fold in sterile 0.5% NaCl Each sample diluted 10 fold in sterile 0.5% NaCl 0.1 ml of each sample and dilution plated onto Tryptone Yeast Extract agar (TYE-S) agar plates in replicate and spread with a flame sterilized glass hockey stick. 0.1 ml of each sample and dilution plated onto Tryptone Yeast Extract agar (TYE-S) agar plates in replicate and spread with a flame sterilized glass hockey stick. Plates incubated at 18 C for 7 days. Plates incubated at 18 C for 7 days. Bacterial colonies counted and original concentration in original sample calculated Bacterial colonies counted and original concentration in original sample calculated (colony forming units per ml = cfu/ml).

Bacterial Counts in Pre and Post-UV Treated Water at Lookingglass Hatchery in Post UV sampled at outlet weir box a = plating at hatchery b = plating at laboratory *No reliable data 33% reduction57% reduction 48% reduction 61% reduction 96% and 95% reduction

Bacterial Counts in Lookingglass Creek Water Above Lookingglass Hatchery Intake

Bacterial Counts in Pre and Post-UV Treated Water at Lookingglass Hatchery in % reduction 100% reduction 99.1% reduction 99.8% reduction 160 gpm 335,663 mw 250 gpm 300,000 mw 258 gpm 300,000 mw 258 gpm 300,000 mw 92.6% reduction 680 gpm 98,000 mw

Summary Total bacterial counts were useful in measuring the effectiveness of the UV system – once methods and sample locations were worked out. Total bacterial counts were useful in measuring the effectiveness of the UV system – once methods and sample locations were worked out. The UV system appears to be effective at reducing 99% or more of the total culturable bacteria with lower flow rates (up to ~ GPM) but there is concern as flows increase. February 2008 results showed 92.7% reduction with 680 GPM. The UV system appears to be effective at reducing 99% or more of the total culturable bacteria with lower flow rates (up to ~ GPM) but there is concern as flows increase. February 2008 results showed 92.7% reduction with 680 GPM. The apparent slightly reduced effectiveness of the UV system at higher flow rates raises some concern for the protection of production fish from pathogens shed in the water supply by passed adults or naturally reared fish. The apparent slightly reduced effectiveness of the UV system at higher flow rates raises some concern for the protection of production fish from pathogens shed in the water supply by passed adults or naturally reared fish. UV treated water is only for early rearing. Once fish are ponded in outside raceways (April or early May) they have 10 months or more of rearing on raw Lookingglass Creek water. UV treated water is only for early rearing. Once fish are ponded in outside raceways (April or early May) they have 10 months or more of rearing on raw Lookingglass Creek water. Monitoring the UV system & fish health over time will make it clearer just how effective the system will be. Monitoring the UV system & fish health over time will make it clearer just how effective the system will be.

Any advantage we give the fish, from egg to adults = this is the result, Yes!

Thanks to everyone who has made this program a success