Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 6:4 Skeletal System Adult has 206 bones Serves as framework for muscles, fat, and skin Protects internal structures Produces blood cells Stores calcium Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

2 Main Parts of the Skeleton Axial Skeleton Contains: Main trunk of body Skull, spinal column, ribs, and sternum Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Appendicular Skeleton Contains: Extremities Shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bones Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Skull Composed of cranial & facial bones Also contains: Sutures: area where cranial bones are joined Sinuses: air spaces in the skull Foramina: openings in bones that allow for passage of blood vessels & nerves Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Cranial Bones Frontal Parietal (2) Temporal (2) Occipital Ethmoid Sphenoid Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Facial Bones Mandible – lower jaw Maxilla (2) – upper jaw Zygomatic (2) – cheek Nasal (5) – upper part of nose Lacrimal (2) – inner aspect of eye Palatine (2) – hard palate (roof of mouth) Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Vertebrae Cervical (7) – neck Thoracic (12) – chest, attach to ribs Lumbar (5) – waist Sacrum (1) – back of pelvic girdle Coccyx (1) – tailbone Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ribs (costae) 12 pairs of long slender bones Attach to thoracic vertebrae True ribs – first 7 pairs; attach to sternum False ribs – last 5 pairs Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Sternum AKA: Breastbone Two clavicles attach Ribs attach with cartilage Xyphoid Process: tip of the sternum Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Shoulder or Pectoral Girdle Made up of: 2 clavicles (collarbones) 2 scapula (shoulder bones) Upper arm bones (humerus) attach to scapula Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Bones of the Arm Humerus: upper arm Radius: forearm; thumb side Ulna: forearm; larger bone Carpals: wrist Metacarpals: palm of hand Phalanges: fingers Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Bones of Pelvic Girdle Consists of 2 os coxae: right & left sides (coxal or hip bones) Symphysis pubis Ilium: hip bone Ischium Pubis Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Bones of the Legs Femur: upper leg; largest bone in the body Patella: knee cap Tibia: larger bone of lower leg (shin) Fibula: smaller bone of lower leg Tarsals: ankle Metatarsals: top of the foot Phalanges: toes Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Joints Where two or more bones join Ligaments Three types of joints Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Diseases and Abnormal Conditions Arthritis Bursitis Fractures Dislocation Sprain Osteomyelitis Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.