Nutrients Health and Wellness

Bell Ringer November 7th, 2011 What are the 6 classes of nutrients and what foods can you get them from?

Nutrients Chemicals found in food that help the body work properly You need nutrients to maintain good health and to fight disease 6 Classes Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Vitamins Minerals Water

Carbohydrates Provide body with energy Bodies most efficient fuel Grain products, vegetables, fruits, peas and dry beans are high in carbs

Carbohydrates Two main types Starches Sugars Complex carbohydrates Breaks down to glucose which is the major source of energy for you body Rice, potatoes, bread, and pasta are high in starch Sugars Simple carbohydrates Fruits, grains, and milk Refined sugars: removed form natural source and processed (a.k.a added sugars) Table sugar, corn sweeteners, corn syrup, dextrose, fructose, lactose, molasses, and honey

Carbohydrates Fiber Not really considered a nutrient Helps move food through digestive tract Can help prevent heart disease Fruits and vegetables, seeds, and whole grains

Proteins Used to build and repair body tissues Basis of cells Proteins are broken down into amino acids Then are recombined to make various tissues Sources: Complete proteins Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk Incomplete Grains, vegetables, nuts and seeds Beans and rice combined create a complete protein with all of the amino acids

Fats Most concentrated source of energy Body needs fat too: Transport and store other nutrients Regulate body temperature and growth Insulate the body Cushion vital organs Serve as a reserve supply of energy

Fats Types of fats Saturated Fats Unsaturated fats Trans fats Solid at room temp Mostly found in animal product such as meat, milk, cheese and butter Unsaturated fats Liquid at room temp Found in oils from vegetables, nuts, and seeds Trans fats Formed when food manufacturers turn liquid oils into solid fats through hydrogenation Vegetable shortening, margarines

Fats Cholesterol White wax like substance that plays a part in transporting and digesting fat Too much can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease Saturated fats and trans fats can lead to high levels of cholesterol

Vitamins Nutrients that help your body function properly and process other nutrients Types Water Soluble Easily absorbed and need every day Vitamin C and B Fat- Soluble Dissolve in fat and can be stored A, D, E, and K

Minerals Nutrients that regulate body processes and form parts of many tissues Body contains large and small amounts Calcium=large Iron= small

Water 70% of body weight Found in every cell and is the basic material of your blood. Transports nutrients throughout the body and carries away waste products. Helps regulate body temp

GROUP PRESENTATION Each group will be assigned a vitamin or a mineral. Using the textbook and handout, create a mobile or 1 sided mini poster that includes the information about your topic: Name of vitamin or mineral Function (why the body needs it) RDA (how much is needed) Fat or water soluble Food sources Deficiency if too little, toxins if too much.