Water Pollution Catherine Maccaro

Need Approximately 80 percent of ocean pollution causes are land based, or human induced. Twenty percent of ocean pollution is caused by ocean based activities. 40% of America's rivers and lakes are too polluted for fishing, swimming, or aquatic life. Two-thirds of US estuaries and bays are either moderately or severely degraded from eutrophication The US EPA has warned that sewage levels in rivers could be back to the super-polluted levels of the 1970s by the year 2016.

Types Of Pollutions Run-Off Ground Water Microbiological Chemical Eurtophication Suspended Solids Solid Waste Thermal Radionuclide Oil Spill

Pollutants

Major bodies of water with pollution problems

Water Pollutions Worldwide

Pollution At Local Level

Model Organisms Brine Shrimp Planaria Daphnia

9 Pollutant: Oil Unable to swim or fly properly, maintain their body temperature, feed or even reproduce. Interrupts food chain Sensitivity of animals increases

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11 Pollutant: Detergent Destroy the mucus layers that protect organisms from bacteria and parasites. Severe damage to the gills. All organisms will die when concentrations get near 15 parts per million (ppm). Concentrations as low as 5 ppm will kill eggs. Americans use about 8.3 billion pounds of dry detergent and a billion gallons of liquid detergent each year. Kill life in rivers, streams and oceans by causing Algae Blooms/Red Tides. 11

12 Pollutant: Thermal Decrease the level of dissolved oxygen Increase metabolic rate in organisms Increase Plant growth rate-shorter lifespan Algae Blooms AKA Eurtophication. 12

Measuring Pollution Ph PaperThermometer

Literature Review 1 Brix, Hans, and Hans Schirup. "The Use of Aquatic Macrophytes in Water-Pollution Control." The Use of Aquatic Macrophytes in Water- Pollution Control 18.2 (1989): Web. 30 Apr Ecosystems dominated by aquatic macrophytes are among the most productive in the world Aquatic plants possessing an outstanding ability for assimilating nutrients and creating favorable conditions for decomposition. Creates huge success in restoration in streams, lakes, and wetlands.

Literature Review 2 MacRae, Thomas H., and Amritanshu S. Pandey. "Effects of Metals on Early Life Stages of the Brine Shrimp,Artemia: A Developmental Toxicity Assay." Effects of Metals on Early Life Stages of the Brine Shrimp,Artemia: A Developmental Toxicity Assay 20.2 (1991): Springer Link. Springer New York. Web. 30 Apr Need for simple, fast and inexpensive tests to study metal pollution in the marine environment. Study used four metals: cupric sulfate, lead nitrate, zinc sulfate and nickel sulfate, on emergence and hatching of the brine shrimp (Artemia). Provide a convenient method to assay metal effects on development. Result show its apparent that use of early stages of Artemia is an alternative to the examination of slower growing animals for the study of metal pollution in coastal marine waters.

Bibliography Brix, Hans, and Hans Schirup. "The Use of Aquatic Macrophytes in Water-Pollution Control." The Use of Aquatic Macrophytes in Water- Pollution Control 18.2 (1989): Web. 30 Apr Daoji, Li, and Dag Daler. "Ocean Pollution from Land-based Sources: East China Sea, China." Ocean Pollution from Land-based Sources: East China Sea, China 33.1 (2004): Ambio. Web. 30 Apr "Dust in the Wind Could Be Toxic in the Sea." Dust in the Wind Could Be Toxic in the Sea. Social Issues. NASA, NATO. Web. 30 Apr MacRae, Thomas H., and Amritanshu S. Pandey. "Effects of Metals on Early Life Stages of the Brine Shrimp,Artemia: A Developmental Toxicity Assay." Effects of Metals on Early Life Stages of the Brine Shrimp,Artemia: A Developmental Toxicity Assay 20.2 (1991): Springer Link. Springer New York. Web. 30 Apr Naik, Abhijit. "Ocean Pollution Facts." Buzzle Web Portal: Intelligent Life on the Web. Web. 30 Apr Water Control Programs." State Of New Jersey. Web. 5 May "Pollution and The Husdon River." Changing Husdon Project. Cary Institute Of Ecosystem Studies. Web. 5 May Hoffman, Denise. "Health Effects Of Sewage Water Pollution." (2007). University Of Kentucky. Web. 7 May < Water Pollution. Photograph. Web. 18 May EPA. Manhasset Pollution. Photograph. EPA. Web. 18 May