1. Prokaryotic 2 Types of Cells: Do not have a nucleus. No membrane covered organelles. Circular DNA

Eukaryotic Cells: Complicated Internal structure Membrane Contain a covered organelles Contain a nucleus Linear DNA

Organelles – “Little Organs” Cell structures that carry out specific jobs in cells.

Parts of a Cell-Organelles Lysosomes Golgi Apparatus Chloroplasts Chloropyhll Cell Wall Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Mitochondria Vacuoles Cytoskeleton

The structure and function of cells 1. Cell wall- Plants only! Support and protection, Strong and stiff. Made of cellulose. 2.Cell membrane- Both Plants—just inside cell wall Animals—outer covering of cell Made of phospholipids DOOR

4 jobs of the cell membrane: Support and protection for the cell Openings called pores in the membrane Allow waste material to pass out of the cell. Controls movement of things in and out of cell Forms a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.

3. Cytoplasm-- CUSHION 4.Cytoskeleton-- SUPPORT Clear, thick, jellylike substance b/tween nucleus and cell membrane. Constantly moves. Organelles float here. Both CUSHION 4.Cytoskeleton-- Web of proteins in cytoplasm. Acts as skeleton. Keeps cell membrane from collapsing. Both SUPPORT

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Control center or “brain” of the cell that regulates or controls all activities of the cell. BRAIN 5. Nucleus: BOTH Nucleolus— Makes ribosomes Chromosomes-- Humans-46 Inside Nuclear Membrane Genes DNA Genetic material Deoxyribonucleic Acid

6. Endoplasmic Reticulum- INTERSTATE SYSTEM BOTH Smooth ER & Rough ER (ribosomes attached) Clear, tubular passageways in the cell through which substances are transported. Proteins and fats made here and carried around the cell.

7. Ribosomes- PROTEIN MAKER BOTH Site of protein synthesis Found through out the cell—also attached to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum

8.Mitochondria POWERHOUSE BOTH Cell’s energy factory! Place where sugar is broken down to release energy This process is called Cellular respiration. Energy is called— ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

9. Lysosomes- CLEAN-UP CREW Digestion takes place here! Mostly animals! Digestion takes place here! Contains enzymes that break down food. Digested food-sent to mitochondria to provide energy to the cell. Also digests old cell parts— lysosomes “eat” them. 2 examples: Frog’s tail, our fingers

10. Golgi Apparatus- UPS of cell BOTH Packages and transports materials into andout of the cell. Packing bubble -- Vesicle

full of water, they swell 11. Vacuoles- STORAGE CENTER BOTH Food, water, and waste are stored here In plants, when the vacuoles are full of water, they swell and make the plant stand firm. Gives flowers their colors!

12. Chloroplasts FOOD PRODUCER Plant cells only!! Photosynthesis takes places here!! Chlorophyll—captures sun’s energy converts it into food for the cell! Glucose-- simple sugar made during this process

Large vacuole Cell Wall Chloroplasts

Endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes Nucleus Mitochondria + + + +

Classwork! Complete a DLCD (Draw, Label , Color, and Define) of an animal and plant cell from pages 56-57 in your science book. First draw or sketch out plant and animal cell with pencil first. Next, label ALL parts of both cells and give a BRIEF description of each on the back, bottom, or sides of your DLC. Last, please color both cells. Not homework. Put in folders at end of class.