HIGH AND LATE MIDDLE AGES

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HIGH AND LATE MIDDLE AGES 2015

MAIN IDEA The period of the 11th-15th centuries marked vast changes in European society. As Christianity extended its reach over most Europeans and beyond, economic and political developments brought new opportunities for the growing urban class and the leaders of the emerging new states.

CHURCH AND CRUSADES http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4roF8zqNu3Y The Crusades had many themes; the most powerful was the desire to reclaim, ”The Holy Land” from Islam http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Age-of-caliphs.png Crusades were used to unite various peoples and leaders in Europe Was part of a larger religious fervor of the period

CHURCH AND CRUSADES http://kspark.kaist.ac.kr/1st%20Crusades.files/Maps.htm After the first Crusade of 1095 (1291), the other eight became logistical missions Brutality was a hallmark of the Crusaders

RESULT OF THE CRUSADES Opened Europe once again to the East Increased knowledge and trade Greatly increased tensions between the three great Western religions Short-term increase power of church

URBANIZATION The developing merchant class along with artisans acted as the seeds of a new social-economic class: shift of power Urban centers became the focus of intellectual and political development http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Paris Black Plague http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9IjhQDnoCcY&feature=related

RESULTS OF TOWNS New freedoms: economic, social and political Less power for church and landed class Economic growth Political power shifts Emergence of middle class Education becomes important

HUNDRED YEARS WAR: FRANCE AND ENGLAND Series of wars: 4 total 1337-1453 England with allies attempt to claim France Stalemate with no peace treaty Set stage for modern Europe and empires of France and England

Consequences of War France and England hurt economically, England politically Feudalism is damaged Militarily changed nations New military developments Create clearly defined nations Nationalism

TIME LINE 1000-1300 High Middle Ages 1095 First Crusade 1200 Population of Paris hits 100,000 1273 Last (Ninth) Crusade Ages/Renaissance 1300-1550 Late Middle 1337-1453 Hundred Years’ War 1348-50 Height of Black Plague/Death 1453 Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire