THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS 1962 Khrushchev secretly begins installing nuclear missiles in Cuba US discovers the plan and blockades Cuba 14 day crisis  the world is on the brink of nuclear confrontation Soviets back down and agree to remove missiles from Cuba and US agrees not to overthrow Castro

THE VIETNAM WAR French w/draw from Vietnam in 1954 Vietnam is divided into communist North Vietnam and pro-Western South Vietnam US gets involved help South Vietnam War lasts from 1964-1973

THE VIETNAM WAR Misc. info – The Domino Theory = if one country falls to communism the neighboring countries will fall as well Vietcong = South Vietnamese communist rebels President Lyndon Johnson = send a half million American soldiers to fight in Vietnam President Richard Nixon = negotiates an end to the war and two years later the communists in the North conquer South Vietnam

THE END OF EUROPEAN COLONIES DECOLONIZATION – After WW II Europe gave up its colonies around the world Rising nationalist movements in the non-western world Loss of European energy and wealth lead to decolonization Between 1947 and 1962 almost every colony gains independence and statehood

AFRICA – THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE KWAME NKRUMAH – The Gold Coast = Ghana JOMO KENYATTA – Kenya and the Mau Mau EGYPT – British backed King Farouk is overthrown in 1952 MOROCCO & TUNISIA – independence from France in 1952 ALGERIA – war of independence against France SOUTH AFRICA – the ANC and Nelson Mandela

FRENCH WAR IN ALGERIA Two million French settlers lived in Algeria In 1954 the FLN begins a guerilla war to gain independence France resists and fights a long bitter war in Algeria In 1962 the French leader Charles de Gaulle grants independence to Algeria

GUERRE d’ALGERIE Terror+

CONFLICT IN THE MIDDLE EAST BETWEEN THE WAR New modernizing regime in Turkey New modernizing regime in Iraq becomes independent in 1932 Saudi Arabia becomes independent in 1932 British and French mandates in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Palestine AFTER WW II Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon become independent Palestine – becomes site of conflict between Arabs and Jewish settlers In 1948 the US endorses creation of an independent Jewish state

THE CREATION OF ISRAEL 1948 Terror+

THE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT May 1948 Jews in Palestine declare the creation of Israel Arab neighbors invade Israel but are defeated and driven out The PLO = the Palestine Liberation Organization formed to fight against Israel The SIX DAY WAR 1967 – Israel defeats Egypt and Arab neighbors