The Second Industrial Revolution The Age of Invention Rise of Big Business Unions Strive to Organize

Bell Ringer Read the TIME magazine article and summarize what you have read by filling in the Snapple caps.

Activity Vocabulary (Chapter) Chapter 5 Section 1 Guided Reading

Bell Ringer What inventions had greatly influenced lives 100 year ago, today, and what will the invention be that will impact the future?

Objectives Describe how the development of steel and oil refining affected the U.S. industry. Recount the innovations that were made in transportation. Explain how innovations in communications technology changed business practices and daily life in the United States.

Industrial Innovations Industrial growth brings a new revolution Iron is replaced with steel Oil = “black gold” Patents protect inventor’s rights

Transportation More railroads are created = transcontinental railroad Consequences: increase in settlement, towns become cities Economic impact: provides many jobs

Transportation Beginning of automobile production Creating gasoline engines Kitty Hawk, NC Wright brothers first flight

Communications Telegraph – Samuel F.B. Morse (Western Union) Telephone – Alexander Graham Bell (AT&T) Typewriter – offers a skilled profession for women

Edison and Menlo Park Significant impact on communications Electricity, light bulbs, phonographs, early motion-picture cameras New invention every 6 months Direct current electricity transforms American life

The Second Industrial Revolution The Age of Invention Rise of Big Business Unions Strive to Organize

Bell Ringer How much control should the government have in our lives?

Objective Describe the arguments that business leaders and social critics made about government’s role in business. Recount how business strategies change. Explain how new methods of marketing products changed American life.

A New Capitalist Spirit Capitalism = private business runs most industries Horatio Alger discusses the ability to go from “rags to riches” Karl Marx, opponent, describes the people as bourgeoisie and the proletariat (supports Communism) Social Darwinism = society progresses through competition

The Corporation Creation of corporation allows society to invest in company with stocks Control given to a group of people = trust Monopoly allows company to have complete control of $$$

Andrew Carnegie Leader in steel Idea of creating things in bulk Sells business to J.P. Morgan

John D. Rockefeller Founder of the Standard Oil Company Uses the concept of vertical integration Controls 90% of refining capacity

Railroad Giants Cornelius Vanderbilt George Westinghouse Controls many RR George Westinghouse Air brake George Pullman Travelling rail cars Develops a town

Mass Marketing Marketing necessary to persuade customers Department stores allow another opportunity for women to work

Assignment “Do, Say, Think” Complete the chart for the following people… Karl Marx Andrew Carnegie John D. Rockefeller

The Second Industrial Revolution The Age of Invention Rise of Big Business Unions Strive to Organize

Bell Ringer It is 1890. You work in a factory. Last month, your little brother was hurt in a workplace accident, but the company refuses to modify the machine that hurt him. Do you join a union to protest unsafe working conditions, even though the stakes may be high? Why or why not?

Government and Business The Sherman Antitrust Act outlaws monopolies and trusts Little attention paid to gap between classes By 1890 – 10% control 75% of nation’s wealth

The New Working Class Earn less than $500/year Jobs filled by immigrants Blacks barred from work in South Women and children work in garment factories

Working Conditions Work day = 12 hours White men Black men 10 hrs., 6 days, $10/wk. Black men Work same, pay less Unsafe working conditions Control workers by creating towns

The Great Upheaval People react to pay cuts by striking Haymarket Riot Want an 8 hr. work day Led by anarchists

The Homestead and Pullman Strikes Few strikes occur at other factories Eugene V. Debs works to support strikers President Cleveland restores order with troops

Second Industrial Revolution Quiz Work in pairs to complete the quiz. You are allowed to use your notes and your textbook with the quiz. Only one answer sheet is required. Make sure both names are on the answer sheet. All answers are due at the end of the class period.