IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 June 10 th 2008 IFP project Biogas upgrading

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Agenda Presentation Questions Project evaluation DMT & projectgroup only

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Biogas upgrading Comparing different techniques Jos de Hullu Jenny Maassen Paul van Meel Siamak Shazad Jessica Vaessen Tutor: Laura Bini Project coordinator: Jetse Reijenga Client: Robert Lems, DMT

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Outline Introduction Upgrading techniques Process Cost estimation Waste streams Ease of operation Comparison Conclusions Recommendations Questions

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Introduction Biogas Demands Upgrading ComponentsLow calorific gas CH 4 88 vol% H2H2 8 vol % CO 0.8 vol % CO 2 8 vol % CxHyCxHy 3 mg/Nm 3 H2OH2ODew point < -10 °C Aromatics 1 vol % O2O2 0.5 vol % H2SH2S 5 mg/Nm 3 Wobbe index (MJ/Nm 3 )43.46 – 44.41

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Upgrading techniques Process Input/output Cost estimation Investment costs Running costs Waste streams Ease of operation Chemical absorption High pressure water scrubbing Pressure swing adsorption Cryogenic separation Membrane separation

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Chemical absorption (I) Absorption of CO 2

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Chemical absorption (II) Absorption of H 2 S Combined output: 137 Nm 3 /h 90% yield 98% purity

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Chemical absorption (III) Cost estimation CO 2 absorption H 2 S absorption Total upgrading process Investment costs () 353,000516,000869,000 Running costs () 134,50099,500179,500 Price per Nm 3 biogas ()

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 High pressure water scrubbing (I) Output: 144 Nm 3 /h 94 % yield 98 % purity

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 High pressure water scrubbing (II) Cost estimation HPWS Investment costs () 440,000 Running costs () 120,000 Price per Nm 3 biogas () 0.15

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Pressure swing adsorption (I) Output: 139 Nm 3 /h 91 % yield 98 % purity

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Pressure swing adsorption (II) PSA Investment costs () 805,000 Running costs () 187,250 Price per Nm 3 biogas () 0.26 Cost estimation

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Cryogenic separation (I) Output: 161 Nm 3 /h 98 % yield 91 % purity

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Cryogenic separation (II) Cost estimation Cryogenic separation Investment costs () 908,500 Running costs () 397,500 Price per Nm 3 biogas () 0.40

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Membrane separation (I) Output: 130 Nm 3 /h 78 % yield 90 % purity

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Membrane separation (II) Cost estimation Membrane separation Total upgrading process Investment costs () 233,000749,000 Running costs () 81,750126,750 Price per Nm 3 biogas ()

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Outline Introduction Upgrading techniques Process Cost estimation Waste streams Ease of operation Comparison Conclusions Recommendations Questions

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Comparison

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Conclusions High pressure water scrubbing cheapest option HPWS & membrane easy to operate and no chemicals needed Membrane separation is promising Each technique has its advantages depending on the goal HPWS best overall performance:- high yield and purity - compact setup - no chemicals - only one waste stream

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Recommendations Investigate cost of waste treatment Calculate CO 2 footprint Investigate different types of catalysts and membranes Optimize cryogenic separation

IFP project – Biogas upgrading June 10 th /22 Thank you for your attention Questions ?