WATER TREATMENT By Chemist Ayman Awny Website :www.resategypt.com معالجة المياه WATER TREATMENT By Chemist Ayman Awny RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com Introduction Problems Of Water Treatment. Water Treatment In Industry. Water Treatment In Hotels,Hospitals & Building. RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com مشاكل المياه الأساسية Micro. Corrosion 1 1 Corrosion 2 Suspended Solid 3 Scale 4 Micro-Organism 4 2 Scale Suspended. Solid 3 RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com Topics of Discussion Corrosion. Scale Formation. Suspended Solids. RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Boiler Water Treatment Website :www.resategypt.com

Problems in Boiler Systems Corrosion free carbon dioxide oxygen Deposits hardness organic matter corrosion products Suspended Solids corrosion product scale product RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com Topic One التآكــــل Corrosion RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com Causes of Corrosion Boiler Area Insufficient oxygen removal in feed water High pH value and alkalinity Increase in suspended solids Steam and Condensate Area Formation of carbon dioxide Insufficient oxygen removal in the feed water Low pH-values RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com التآكل هو عملية تحول الحديد الي أحد أكاسيده مما يقلل العمر الإفتراضي للمعدن طبقا لهذه المعادلات O2 Fe2+ Fe(OH)3 ANODE ANODE REACTION Fe° = Fe2+ + 2 e- CATHODE CATHODE REACTION ½ O2 + H2 O + 2 e- = 2OH- OH- WATER ELECTRON FLOW RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Fundamental Risks In Boiler Water Website :www.resategypt.com Causes of Corrosion Fundamental Risks In Boiler Water Standard Corrosion Reaction Fe -------->Fe ++ + 2 e - 2e- + 1/2 O2 ----->2 OH- 2e - + 2H+ ----->H2 RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com Causes of Corrosion Fundamental Risks in Steam and Condensate System Carbonic acid Behavior (corrosion) inside boiler : 2(H CO3Na )------->Na2CO3 + CO2 + H20 Na2 CO3 + H2O -----> 2 NaOH + CO2 in condansate system : H20 +CO2 --------> H+ + HCO3- RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com أشكال التآكل فى صورة تآكل سطحي فى صورة نقر. فى صورة تآكل منتظم. في صورة شروخ RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Surface Corrosion + Sludge RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Corrosion in steam line RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Pitting corrosion

Pitting Corrosion Inside Boiler RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

High pH Caustic corrosion RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Scheme of a Boiler System Cooling Water Consumer Return Condensate Condenser Steam Make-up Water De aeration Feed water Blow-down Filtration Unit Boiler feeding Pump e.g. Reservoir Ion Exchanger, of Feed water Reverse Osmosis Softeners Steam Boiler RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com Chemical Dosing

Classification of Boiler Systems Low Pressure Boiler Operating pressure up to 68 bar High Pressure Boiler operating pressure above 68 bar RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com أسباب التآكل # وجود الأكسجين الذائب بالمياه وتأثيره # ارتفاع نسبة الأس الهيدروجينى (pH ) أو انخفاضه. ( ارتفاع القلوية أو الحمضية) # إرتفاع درجة الحرارة. # نوعية مياه التعويض. # الاملاح العالقة RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

العلاقة بين مياة التعويض والتآكل كيفية تحديد العلاقة . اولا : التحليل الكيمائى لمياة التعويض. RIZENER INDX ثانيا: ربط التحليل بمعامل الريزنر RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

العلاقة بين الاكسجين الذائب في المياه و درجة الحرارة O2 C° 8.11 25 7.53 30 7.04 35 6.59 40 6.10 45 5.57 50 5.20 55 4.76 60 4.30 65 3.70 70 3.40 75 2.89 80 2.20 85 1.63 90 0.80 95 0.1 100 RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Corrosion Of Steel VS Boiler Water pH RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com مقاومة التآكل CORROSION PROTECTION ضبط pH ترشيح جيد للمياه لإزالة الأملاح العالقة. إزالة الاكسجين ميكانيكيا ( بالتسخين ). ضبط الأملاح الكلية ( TDS ) المعالجة الكيميائية RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

DEAERATOR

FEED TANK

Boiler Water Limits and Steam Purity( 1 ) (1) Approved by ASME (2) Changes according to TDS of B.F.W. (3) Changes according to TDS of B.F.W. (4) Determined depending on boiler water treatment program (5) Silica is not included RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

الترسبات scales

هى املاح تخرج من محلولها فى صورة املاح عالقة ويتم ذلك بتأثير الحرارة . وتتسبب فى حدوث قشرة صلبة على جدار المواسير

العلاقة بين نسبة الكالسيوم الذائب ودرجة الحرارة

الاملاح الشائعة المسببة للقشرة

الكالسيوم ماغنسيوم سيليكا اكسيد الحديد

Scale Problem (In Boiler )

Scale After Treatment

الأملاح العالقة Suspended Solids

Website :www.resategypt.com بعض الاملاح العالقة مثل. الأتربة الرمال بعض الملوثات مثل الزيوت ارتفاع نسبة الاملاح الذائبة عن الحد المطلوب RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

المشكلات التى تسببها الأملاح العالقة التآكل الميكانيكي Corrosion الترسيبات Scale الفوران Foaming RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com Lime Softening Mode of action Addition of lime milk Ca(OH)2 Elemination of carbonate hardness and carbon dioxide Reactions Precipitation of Ca-hydrogen carbonate Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2  2CaCO3  + 2 H2O Neutralization of carbon dioxide CO2 CO2 + Ca(OH)2  CaCO3  + H2O Disadvantage Disposal of calcium carbonate sludge RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

Website :www.resategypt.com Ion Exchange / Basics Mode of action Physical-chemical methods Up-take of specific ions to the ion exchanger resin Delivery of an equivalent amount of different equally charged ions Kinds of ion exchangers Cationic ion exchanger Anionic ion exchanger Mixed bed ion exchanger RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com

التحليل الكيمائى لمياة التعويض نوع التحليل CITY WATER SOFTENED WATER DEIONIZER WATER pH 7.5 7.6 6.0-7.5 Ca H عسر الكالسيوم 90 M ALK القلوية الكلية 140 <10 TDS الاملاح الذائبة 250 TEMP. درجة حرارة 25 Corrosion Rate 3.2 MPY 30 MPY 60 MPY

Website :www.resategypt.com Questions My Regards Ayman Awny RESAT EGYPT WATER TREATMENT Website :www.resategypt.com