Planets (inner).

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Presentation transcript:

Planets (inner)

Mercury Roman’s-swift-footed messenger god. Merchants prayed to for quick success Greek’s-winged shoes

Mercury

Similar Bodies Moon Mercury

Mercury Facts Diameter…4880 Km radius……2/5 Distance to sun….. .4A.U. Gravity…… 2.8 Axis tilt….. 0o Density…… 5.42 g/cm3

Mercury Facts Rotation…. 59 days Revolution….. 88.0

Slow Rotation: Mercury makes only 3 rotations every 2 orbits. One solar day on Mercury is 176 Earth days! So 2 years for every 1 day (you would have 1 &1/2 birthdays in 1 day on Mercury) This is an example of spin-orbit resonance. Its day is twice as long as its year Go FIGURE

Mercury Facts Tilt of Axis…… 0.0o Orbital Inclination…. 7.0o Surface Pressure…… 0

Mercury Rising

Mercury’s Atmosphere almost none weak gravity and very hot => gasses escape sodium, potassium from rocks out-gassing hydrogen and helium from Sun no weather =====> very little erosion ====> old surface

Atmospheric composition He….. 42% Sodium…. 42 % Oxygen…… 15% Mercury Facts Atmospheric composition He….. 42% Sodium…. 42 % Oxygen…… 15% Other…. 1%

Why a thin Mantle? To hot for lighter elements to collect Collision with large planetisimal knocked mantle away Very powerful solar wind blew mantle away

Mercury in transit

Mercury in transit

The next transit of Mercury will be November 11, 2019 On average transits of Mercury happen once every 7 years!

Mercury Mercury has phases like our Moon. Mercury is always seen near the Sun as a "morning star" or "evening star". Surface Features Impact Craters Scarps (or cliffs) Almost No Atmosphere Crater Rays

lots of impacts! bad neighborhood?

Caloris (very hot) Basin Largest Crater on Mercury

Mercury was first imaged by the Mariner 10 spacecraft.

Mariner 10 Launched – 1973 Flybys – 1974 and 1975

Messenger space craft http://solarsystem. nasa. gov/missions/profile Launched – 2004 Orbital insertion – 2011 Mission is still going on today!!!

End of Chapter.

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