Causes of the Civil War

North Industrialization Improved Transportation Locomotives and Railway Network Faster Communication Agriculture

People in the North Factories Working Condition and organization African American Workers Women workers Immigration Prejudice against immigrants

The South Cotton Kingdom Industry in the South Barriers to industry Upper South Deep South Industry in the South Barriers to industry Factories Southern Transportation

People of the South Small Farmers and Rural poor Plantations Owners Wives Work

Life Under Slavery Life in cabins Family Life AA Culture Slave Codes Resistance to Slavery Escaping Slavery City life and education

The Abolitionists Early efforts to end slavery. The American Colonization Society Bought and relocated slaves to Liberia Africa. William Lloyd Garrison One of the first to call for immediate emancipation. African American Abolitionists Samuel Cornish and John Russwurm, freedoms journal 1827 Frederick Douglass, 421

The Underground Railroad 422

Clashes over Abolitionism Led to an intense reaction against the antislavery movement. Threatened Southerners way of life. Opposition in the North. 424 Opposition in the South.424

Womens movement Calls for reform. Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton. The Seneca Falls Convention 1848. Suffrage Susan B. Anthony Coeducation

Slavery and the West. The Missouri Compromise Conflicting views with western lands. Wilmot Proviso Slavery should be prohibited in any western state. John C. Calhoun Neither congress or any territorial law can outlaw slavery. Clay’s Proposal California free state, New Mexico no restriction, New Mexico border with Texas. Slave Trade outlawed in D. C. Stronger Fugitive law. The compromise of 1850 Contained the five main points of Clay’s proposal.

A Nation Dividing The Fugitive Slave Act. The Nebraska-Kansas Act. Required all citizens to help catch fugitive slaves. The Nebraska-Kansas Act. Popular Sovereignty Bleeding Kansas John Brown-God Chose him to end slavery

Challenges to Slavery Republicans arise. The election of 1856 Anti-Slavery “Rally for the establishment of liberty and overthrow slave power”. The election of 1856 Republican John C. Fremont 174 Democrat James Buchanan 114 American Millard Fillmore 8

The Dred Scott Decision 446-997

Lincoln and Douglas Congressional Election of 1858, the senate race was the center of national attention. Stephan A. Douglas Believed popular sovereignty could solve the slave problem. Abraham Lincoln Saw slavery as morally wrong but admittedly did not have an easy way of eliminating the problem. Debates Douglas states that people could exclude slavery by refusing to pass laws that give the slaveholders rights.

Raid on Harpers Ferry

The Election of 1860 Would the Union break up? The issue of slavery broke up the Democratic party. They nominated Stephen Douglas and upheld popular sovereignty. Southern Democrats nominated John C. Breckenridge and supported the Dred Scott decision. Republicans nominated Abraham Lincoln stating that slavery can remain undisturbed but should be prohibited in the territories.

Lincoln Elected With Democrats divided Lincoln won a clear victory with 180 out of the 303 electoral votes. The voting was along purely sectional lines. Lincoln’s name did not even appear on most southern ballots. Lincolns victory was short lived, the nation he was to serve would soon disintegrate.

The South Secedes Many people distrust the Republican Party. December 20, 1860 South Carolina secedes. John Crittenden’s proposal. Series of amendments to the constitution. Protect slavery south of the Mason Dixon Line including territories. Leaders of the South refuse compromise. “We spit upon every plan to compromise” “No human power can save the Union”

The Confederacy February 1861, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia had joined South Carolina and seceded. They named their selves the Confederate States of America. Jefferson Davis was chosen to be the president of this new confederacy. Many celebrated the secession.