Russia 1801-1917

Russia What is a continent? What is a czar? What was Russia called because it was so large? Who are serfs? Was Russia a developing nation or a developed nation? What is the difference?

Alexander I (1801-1825) Eased censorship and promoted education What is censorship? Give me examples. Originally supported Liberal ideas, but then joined conservative powers What was the name of the revolt lead by army officers in 1825?

Nicholas I (1825-1855) Cracked down on dissenters Banned books that spread liberal ideas in Western Europe Hired police to hunt down critics Exiled liberals to Siberia Motto “orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationalism” “I’m handing you command of the country in a poor state”

Alexander II (1855-1881) What war was taking place when he took over? Why did this war break out? Agreed to reforms - freed serfs (emancipation) Set up local government - introduced legal reforms - eased censorship - reformed the military Elected assemblies (zemstvos) were responsible for road repair, schools and agriculture

Alexander II (Continued) As usual his reforms encouraged some, but didn’t make everyone happy Liberals wanted a constitution and an elected legislature Radicals wanted more revolutionary changes Revolutionary group called People’s Will assassinated officials and eventually assassinated Alexander II

Alexander III (1881-1894) Went back to Nicholas I Increased secret police, strict censorship, exiled people to Siberia Persecution of Jews. Where were the Jews from? Why the hate towards Jews? Where did the Jews flee? What was that called again? What is Russification? One language? One religion? What is a refugee?

Nicholas II (1894-1917) Industrial age begins in Russia Count Serge Witte, financial minister to Nicholas Encouraged railroad building that would connect iron and coal mines with factories - Trans-Siberian Railroad Government officials wanted economic growth Who do you think moved to cities? What do you think the factory conditions were like?

Continue Czar Nicholas II Who is Karl Marx? What did he write? Who is Vladimir Ulyanov? Who organized the march on January 22, 1905? What was this march eventually known as? What was the result of the Revolution of 1905? What event occurred the year before (in 1904)? What is a Duma? Who did Nicholas appoint as Prime Minister after he dissolved the Duma? What happened to Peter Stolypin?

Questions What makes a good leader? Were any of these men good leaders? Why or why not?

Answers: Karl Marzx was a philosopher who founded the theory of Communism. He wrote the Communist Manifesto Vladimir Ulyanov was the leader of the Bolsheviks who led a revolt against the Russian Czarist Government. He later changed his name to Vladimir Lenin Father George Gapon led the peaceful march on January 22, 1905 Peaceful march became known as Bloody Sunday Peaceful demonstrators were killed by Czar’s army – October Manifesto Russo-Japanese War occurred the year before (in 1904) Duma is an elected national legislature Nicholas II appointed Peter Stolypin as Prime Minister after he dissolved the Duma Peter Stolypin was assassinated