Warm Up Define: Nativism, Lusitania, Triple Alliance, Nationalism QFT: “This is a war to end all wars.” HW: Synthesis Task WW1

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR 1

Objectives 1. Analyze the major causes of World War 1. 2. Describe trench warfare 3. Analyze the effects of new weapons in World War 1.

The Spark that started World War 1 The M.A.I.N Causes of WW1 Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism The Spark that started World War 1

Militarism Definition: Policy of aggressive preparedness European nations began arming to protect their assets Increased size and strength of military. Caused Europe to become extremely unstable.

World War 1 begins The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was “the spark” that ignited Europe into Total War. August 5, 1914- Austria- Hungary declared war on Serbia The Great War had begun. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lbfhH6aK8vI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JEGVcSpfM9k

Alliances European nations formed alliances to create a balance of power throughout Europe. Why are alliances important?

Opposing Sides during WW1 Triple Entente (Good) Britain France Russia Italy (1915) United States (1917) Triple Alliance/ Central Powers (Bad) Austria- Hungary Germany Bulgaria Ottoman Empire (Turkey) *Before its’ conclusion, 30 nations would fight in World War 1

Alliances prior to World War 1 Red= Triple Entente Pink= Triple Alliance List the countries included in each alliance in your notes.

Imperialism The practice of extending a nations power by gaining territories for a colonial empire. European countries began to compete to gain territory By the late 1800’s, Britain was the world’s largest imperialist power.

British Empire in 1914 What 3 major countries were British controlled in 1914? (colored in Black)

India, Canada and Australia were all controlled by the British in 1914. (remember this!!)

Nationalism Defined as the desire of independent nations for dominance and prestige. This caused Europe to become very unstable in the early 1900’s as nations competed to dominate each other. Any spark would send Europe into total war.

Objective #1 Complete You should be able to explain each of the MAIN causes of World War 1. If you have any questions, please review the objective #1 lesson again.

Activity Worksheet: United States and WW1. Due EOC. Temp Check: If Archduke Franz Ferdinand had not been assassinated, would WW1 have started? Choose either Y/N and support your stance citing 3 pieces of evidence. Remember the MAIN causes of WW1.

Warm Up Define: Communism Red Scare Palmer Raids Nationalism.

Trench Warfare Strategy of defending a position by fighting from deep, protected ditches. 2 Major front systems formed in Europe Eastern Front- extended from the Black Sea to the Baltic Sea Western Front- Extended from Switzerland to the North Sea

Soldiers spent months in the trenches in these horrible conditions. Life in the Trenches Cold, wet, dirty Unsanitary- disease spread Trench Rats Body Lice Trench foot Scarce Food Supply Soldiers spent months in the trenches in these horrible conditions.

Video Clip https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXtsiqrhqsU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_G4ZY66BG38 “All Quiet on the Western Front”

Stalemate With each side “dug in,” their trenches, a stalemate occurred along the western front. Def. Inability for either side to win a decisive victory. The stalemate lasted for 4 long years.

Activity WW1 Diary Entry-from own POV.

Warm Up Define: Trench Eastern Front Western Front Russian Revolution https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=22nzopiyWx0

Weapons of World War 1 World War 1 saw the use of new weapons in combat that made war even more dangerous. New Weapons included: Machine Guns Bolt Action Rifles Artillery Poison Gas Tanks

Machine Guns & Bolt Action Rifles Machine Guns fired 400 to 600 rounds per minute Each side set up groups of machine guns along trenches to stop enemy advance Dramatically increased the number of casualties during WWI Machine Gun Bolt Action Rifle Continue 

**Most important piece of equipment was a soldiers gasmask. Poison Gas Used in artillery shells- explosion would release gas into trenches. 2 Main types used: Chlorine Gas- destroyed the respiratory organs of its victims and this led to a slow death by asphyxiation. Mustard Gas- caused internal and external bleeding. **Most important piece of equipment was a soldiers gasmask. On average, soldiers exposed to either gas would suffer for 3-5 weeks before finally dying.

Video Clip https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWtETJ0Pt4g

Tanks Developed by the British to end the stalemate on the Western Front in 1915. Could cause heavy damage to enemy lines Had tough time crossing trenches- many early models got hung up in trenches.

Objective #2 and #3 Complete You should now be able to describe what new types of weapons were used during World War 1 and the effectiveness that they had in the war. If you have any questions, please review the objective #3 lesson again.

Activity Directions: Complete webquest by clicking on the websites listed for each question. You will have to download the webquest on my teacher page. Answers may be either typed or written. You will finish this next class.

Temperature Check If you were alive at this time, which warfare technology would you consider more lethal-chemical warfare or machine guns/tanks? Choose a side and support your stance with 3 pieces of evidence.

Warm Up Define communism, isolationism and intervention. How is communism related to the Red Scare? How is the Red Scare related to WW1? HW: Complete Red Scare PSA-due next class. TODAY IS THE LAST DAY TO TURN IN ANY MISSING WORK FROM THIS WEEK!

Why did it take so long for America to get involved in the war? America was isolationist “Why should I get involved in someone else’s problems”

Thinking Slide: Is isolationism really an option for a country as powerful as the United States?

What did it take to get the US involved? Lusitania torpedoed, sinking with 1200 passengers and crew (including 128 Americans) Was eventually found to be carrying 4200 cases of ammunition German Propaganda Justifying Lusitania sinking

Video Clip https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9G8iU1KOjsg

What did it take to get the US involved? 2. Unlimited Submarine Warfare 1917 Germany announced “unlimited submarine warfare” in the war zone First time using U-boats in war

What did it take to get the US involved? 3. Zimmerman Note US intercepted a note from Germany to Mexico, It promised Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona back in return for an alliance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKhgrCDkm0s

Warm Up Define: Zimmerman Note, Neutrality, Luisitania, League of Nations. Go to the app store and download “Rap Horn”. We will need it for later!! :D Turn in HW HW: League of Nations PSA Due next class.

What did it take to get the US involved? Zimmerman Note + the sinking of 4 unarmed American ships led to a declaration of war

Convincing the American People Idealism: 2 Goals For War: 1. War to End All Wars 2. Making the World Safe for Democracy

Convincing the American People Idealism: Fourteen Points What? President Wilson’s Plan for after the war Fourteen promises, including freedom of the seas & a League of Nations to work for peace President Woodrow Wilson

What did the US do to help? Supplies: US provided the food, money, and fresh troops needed to win the war American Troops March Through London

Directions for Group Quiz You will be given 15 questions based on the information in the lesson. In order to advance to the next question, you must answer each question correctly. Decide as a group. Which ever group gets the most points right will receive a bag of candy to share!

1. What 3 major European countries made up the Triple Alliance? Germany, Austria-Hungary & Italy Russia, Germany & Belgium Great Britain, France & Russia Great Britain, France & Serbia

CORRECT!! The Triple Alliance was formed in 1882 and consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy.

2. What 3 major European countries made up the Triple Entente? Russia, Germany & France Britain, France & Russia Britain, France and Italy Italy, Austria-Hungary & Russia

Correct!! The Triple Entente was formed in 1907 and consisted of Great Britain, France and Russia.

3. What 3 major countries were part of the British Empire in 1914? China, Canada and India Australia, Canada and Mexico Canada, Mexico and Mongolia India, Canada and Australia To review map, click here

British Empire in 1914 Back

Correct!! In 1914, the British Empire covered more than 11,400,000 square miles This was the largest territory the world had ever known at this time. The empire included the countries of India, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, Hong Kong & several island in the West Indies.

Militarism Nationalism Imperialism Federalism 4. The practice of extending a nations power by gaining territories for a colonial empire is known as: Militarism Nationalism Imperialism Federalism

Correct! Imperialism is the practice of extending a nations power by gaining territories. In 1914, Britain was the world’s largest imperialist power.

5. What is considered to be the “spark” that started World War 1? British Imperialist expansion. Assassination of Franz Ferdinand. Forming of the Triple Entente. Forming of the Triple Alliance.

Correct!! The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand is considered to be the spark that erupted Europe into total war.

6. What were the M.A.I.N. causes of World War 1? Militarism, Autocracy, Imperialism, Nazism Marxism, Alliances, Individualism, Nationalism Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nazism

Correct!! The M.A.I.N. causes of World War 1 were: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism

7. Which front system extended from Switzerland to the North Sea? Eastern Front Western Front Northern Front Southern Front

Correct!! The Western Front extended from Switzerland to the North Sea.

8. In what year did World War 1 begin? 1914 1915 1916 1917

Correct!! Austria- Hungary declared war on Serbia on August 5, 1914

9. What 3 new weapons were introduced during World War 1? Machine guns, jets & tanks Bolt action rifles, poison gas & scud missiles Artillery shells, machine guns & poison gas Poison gas, apache helicopters & tanks

Correct!! Artillery shells, machine guns & poison gas were all introduced during World War 1. Tanks and bolt action long range rifles were also introduced.

Activity Directions: Preview Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations PSA.

Warm Up What was the Versailles Treaty? What was the League of Nations? What was the legacy of Wilson’s 14 Points Plan?

League of Nations What is based off the League of Nations today? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1tXK2LT9mc

Global Peacemaker (Wilson) Wilson’s 14 Points of Peace First “5” Points- Remove Causes of War No secret treaties – Freedom of Seas / Trade – Reduced Arms – Fair colonial practices Next “8” Points- Boundary Changes (based on principle of “self-determination”) Last Point-formation of a League of Nations (to keep World Peace-protect other nations) Meeting at “Versailles” to decide Peace terms

Weakness of the “Versailles Treaty” (Treatment of Germany ) Does NOT create a “Lasting Peace” (Treatment of Germany ) War Guilt Clause – Germany alone is responsible for starting the war (Unfair) GERMANY is Evil / militaristic / war monger Economy Weak –Reparations (worse) They can’t possibly pay the Reparations German territory losses (anger)

Legacy of WW1 The Great War DID NOT END ALL WARS! Wilson’s plan failed. Set the stage for what? SUMMARY: European conflict challenges U.S. Policy of neutrality; Allied victory intended to make the world safe.

Video http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/trinity-test/videos/adolf-hitler-fast-facts?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/trinity-test/videos/did-wwi-lead-to-wwii?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

Activity-due at the end of class Complete Treaty of Versailles Simulation. Due EOC. Quiz on WW1 next class. Review after. Test later next week.

Rules for Simulation This simulation is to see what your responses would have been if you were one of the major leaders at Versailles, discussing the terms for peace Each group will play one of the Allied powers at the conference– Britain, France, United States Groups must remain in character for the simulation - follow what your country would have done Groups will review the goals that their country has for the peace treaty, and negotiate with the other Allied countries to have your goals included in the Treaty of Versailles There is to be no shouting or raised voices – a diplomat does not raise their voice or attack an opinion

Steps to Follow in Country Groups (15 minutes) Get into your Country Groups and begin reviewing the materials given Read and understand what you think your goals that your country has for the peace treaty Review “The Versailles Agenda” Chart and the issues for resolution that need to be resolved for the treaty As a group, discuss what options would be best for YOUR country to agree to in the treaty, and circle option 1, 2, or 3 for each issue for resolution

Steps to Follow in Negotiation Groups (18 minutes) Bring your completed “The Versailles Agenda” Chart to your new Negotiation Group As a group, discuss the issues for resolution and the options that the three countries chose for each issue The goal of the Negotiation Group is to come to an agreement on each point of the peace treaty Make sure every nation has his or her say and no one is left out of the negotiation One member of the Negotiation Group will record the compromises made on the “Official Treaty,” and all members will sign the treaty

Issues for Resolution Blame Cost Germany’s military Status of colonies Group 1 UK Group 2 France Group 3 US Group 4 The REAL DEAL Blame Cost Germany’s military Status of colonies Rhineland Alsace-Lorraine

Issues for Resolution Saar Poland Danzig Finland, Lithuania, etc. Group 1 UK Group 2 France Group 3 US Group 4 The REAL DEAL Saar Poland Danzig Finland, Lithuania, etc. Czech… League of Nations

Issues for Resolution Blame 1 Cost 2 Germany’s military 3 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 The REAL DEAL Blame 1 Cost 2 Germany’s military 3 Status of colonies Rhineland Alsace-Lorraine

Issues for Resolution Saar 3 1 Poland 2 Danzig Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 The REAL DEAL Saar 3 1 Poland 2 Danzig Finland, Lithuania, etc. Czech… League of Nations

Warm Up Does WW1 deserve the title of the “The Great War”? It was originally called that since it was supposed to be the war to end all other wars. Choose Y/N and then 3 pieces of evidence to support your stance. TURN IN HW!!

Agenda Take quiz and correct in class. Hand out review guide and highlight short answer questions. USE REVIEW GUIDE TO STUDY OVER THE WEEKEND SINCE YOU TEST IS NEXT TUESDAY Start and complete Gallery Walk of WW1. You will finish it next class and then work on your review guide afterwards.