Oneida Treaties WALT Use cause/effect argument to show how significant events influenced history Explain how and why events are interpreted differently by historians WASI Formulate an opinion with justification as to whether or not the Oneida tribe was forced off of their own land.

The Treaty of Fort Stanwix First treaty between the Oneida and the United States 1784 Under the Articles of Confederation Established peace between the United Nations and the Six Nations of the League of the Iroquois (Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca and Tuscarora)

Revolutionary War Seneca, Cayuga, Mohawk, and Onondaga Fought alongside the British Animosity towards the United States remained after the war Oneida and Tuscarora Fought alongside the Americans Were promised that they would retain possession of their lands

The beginning of LAND CESSION… 1789 U.S. and Six Nations reinforced the peace pledge NO INDIVIDUAL STATE COULD MAKE TREATIES Ended any claims the Six Nations had to the Ohio River valley In exchange, they received $3000 worth of gifts

Deception and Lies New York State purchased 100 square miles from the Oneida 1785 Rapidly increasing White population 1788--another treaty with the Oneida Gained land through deception! State treaty commissioners claimed that they only wanted to lease the land when, in fact, the treaty recorded the purchase of the land for New York

Deception and Lies Treaty of 1794 Guaranteed that they would not allow any further land cessions to New York. The United States gave the treaty signatories $10,000 worth of goods. U.S. made another treaty with the Oneida, Tuscarora, and Stockbridge tribes Thanked them for their service during the American Revolution Presented them with $5000 for their services

Deception and Lies Again New York found tribal leaders willing to negotiate land cession treaties Concluding another series of treaties with Iroquois tribes, including the Oneida, in 1795.

Deception and Lies The federal government declared the treaties illegal Unable to hold the state accountable for its actions New York continued to make further land cession treaties with the Oneida 1805 1807 1809

A Land Lost By the War of 1812, the Oneida had little land left, and many tribal members believed it would be better for the tribe to move west and away from white settlers in New York

In your opinion… Did the United States, whether locally or federally, force the Oneida off of their land? Provide justification for your opinion