Chapter 3.4 – Behavior of Gases properties of gases expand to fill their container spread out easily and mix with one another low density compressible mostly empty space 3 gas laws

Chapter 3.4 – Behavior of Gases Boyle’s law – for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas increases as the gas’s pressure decreases. Likewise, the volume of a gas decreases as the gas’s pressure increases. (pressure1)(volume1) = (pressure2)(volume2) P1V1 = P2V2 a 1 subscript means initial, a 2 subscript means final

Chapter 3.4 – Behavior of Gases A flask contains 155 cm3 of gas at a pressure of 22.5 kPa. What is the pressure of the gas if its volume was 90.0 cm3? P1V1 = P2V2 𝑃 2 = 𝑃 1 𝑉 1 𝑉 2 = 22.5∙155 90 =38.75 𝑘𝑃𝑎

Chapter 3.4 – Behavior of Gases Gay-Lussac’s law – the pressure of a gas increases as the temperature increases, if the volume of the gas does not change. The pressure decreases as the temperature decreases. 𝑃 1 𝑇 1 = 𝑃 2 𝑇 2

Chapter 3.4 – Behavior of Gases A flask at a temperature of 300 K contains a gas at a pressure of 100 kPa. What is the pressure of the gas if its temperature increases to 350 K?

Chapter 3.4 – Behavior of Gases Charles’ law – for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas increases as the gas’s temperature increases. Likewise, the volume of the gas decreases as the gas’s temperature decreases. 𝑉 1 𝑇 1 = 𝑉 2 𝑇 2

Chapter 3.4 – Behavior of Gases A balloon has a volume of 5 L at a temperature of 300 K. What is its volume if the temperature is decreased to 250 K?