Antebellum Georgia - video

Making Changes! University of Georgia - video How did the establishment of the University of Georgia impact the State?

School, what is school? What was the was education like for the citizens of Georgia following the Revolutionary War? Watch this video and take notes on how school is different today. video Very few people received a formal education. Basic elementary education for the wealthy.

How did Lyman Hall help found UGA? He encouraged the state to set aside land for schools.

What did Abraham Baldwin do to help UGA get started? He wrote the official charter and the state legislature approved it in 1785. He became the college’s first president! Alma Mater of UGA

Georgia’s Third Capital Savannah - Augusta and now LOUISVILLE! GA needed a new capital that was more centrally located in our state.

Louisville! When did the capital move? Why was it moved? 1786 Why was it moved? It served as a good compromise between western settlers and coastal planters. Where does Georgia’s capital move after Louisville and why? Milledgeville because of malaria Name all Five of Georgia’s Capital Cities in order from oldest to most current. Savannah, Augusta, Louisville, Milledgeville, Atlanta (SALMA)

Capital of Georgia Savannah Milledgeville

Rise of Methodists and Baptists

What was the Great Revival or Spiritual Awakening in America? It was a period of time where many people became very involved in worship. There was an increase in churches and church attendance. Churches were built in every town.

The Wesley Brothers: Methodist evangelists (preacher) who came to America to spread the Christian faith.

George Whitefield He studied the Bible with the Wesley brothers and felt called to be an evangelist. He travelled to Georgia in 1738 and organized an orphanage named Bethesda. He spent his entire life supporting this orphanage. Bethesda school for boys exists today!

Baptists Baptist churches were willing to go into the “frontier” of Georgia to share the gospel in areas that other denominations were not. Missionary mindset. Started Mercer University, Brewton Parker, Toccoa Falls Baptist College, Truett McConell etc.

Methodists Many preachers were called “circuit riders”. They travelled on a circuit “town to town” preaching. Colleges: Emory, Piedmont Camp Meetings

Churches Cont. In 1788, the first All African American Baptist Church was formed in Savannah! .

The Bible Belt: (a church on every corner) 2: Georgia’s Protestant Denominations Georgia Studies During the 1850s, church membership grew rapidly in Georgia. By 1860, there were well over 2,000 churches in the state of Georgia. The two largest denominations in the state were Baptists and Methodists. To this day, you often hear Georgia and the South referred to as the "Bible Belt", or you may hear someone say that Georgia has a "church on every corner". Both of these statements are meant to recognize the importance of religion in Georgia and the number of churches that are present. The Bible Belt: (a church on every corner) Created by Susan Oates

Chapter 12 EQ – How did the headright system, land lotteries, and the Yazoo land fraud impact Georgia? video

Headright Sytem Georgia Studies Up until 1803 heads of families were given 200 acres plus 50 acres for each family member (including slaves) with a limit of 1,000. There was no cost – you only had to pay for the survey. People poured into Georgia!! Created by Susan Oates

The Pursuit of Land Unfortunately, some people took advantage of this program and this resulted in land fraud.

The Pursuit of Land – Yazoo Land Fraud

The Pursuit of Land – Yazoo Land Fraud GA border reached to the Mississippi river. A group of men bribed the governor and legislators to pass a law allowing them to buy 50 million acres for 1 ½ cent per acre. They sold the land and made $ When the citizens found out they were upset and threw all the men out of office. The new legislators burned the land sale records and wanted to pretend it didn’t happen.

Yazoo – Cont. However, many people did not want to leave their new home and the decision went before the Supreme court. The Supreme court agreed with the landowners and said they could stay. This created bitterness between GA and the Federal government. Eventually, the land is divided into two new states.

The Pursuit of Land – Land Lottery After the Yazoo land fraud the government gave every free white male the opportunity to buy a chance, a man with family or widow got two chances. Names were put into a “hat” and winners were pulled out. There was also corruption in this system. Over 30 million acres of land were given away using this system.

Chapter 13 EQ – How did the invention of the Cotton gin and railroads impact the economic growth in Georgia? Video

Economic Growth Gears Up! King Cotton Cotton led to Gas rise in economic and political power. This is due to the invention of the cotton gin in 1793 by Eli Whitney. It seperated the seed from the lint quickly making cotton profitable. This led to an increase in plantations and slaves in Georgia.

Railroads Railroads grew as a response to the increase in cotton sales. Farmers wanted a faster way to ship their crop for faster sales. Many railroads ended at a town called Terminus. This town later became known as Marthasville then Atlanta and grew due to the railroads.

Chapter 14 – Creeks and Cherokees

Group Project You and a partner will complete a powerpoint outlining the events that led to the removal of the Creek and Cherokee Indians. This will be a test grade. You will have today and tomorrow to complete it. You may go to my website to find sources for your information.

Removal of the Creek Treaty of Indian Springs Indian Removal Act Andrew Jackson Treaty of Washington Discuss the Treat of Indian Springs in which Chief William McIntosh, along with other Creek leaders, ceded the last of the Creek lands in Georgia to the federal government for $200,000. (PDQ: How would your parents feel if the mayor sold your neighborhood to South Carolina?) Discuss the Indian Removal Act of 1830. Discuss Andrew Jackson’s campaign against the Upper Creeks. Include how the Lower Creeks and Cherokee joined Jackson against the Upper Creeks: (PDQ: What did the Lower Creeks and Cherokee hope to gain by fighting on the side of the federal government?) Discuss the Treaty of Washington which set aside 2 million acres for the Creeks in exchange for ceding the remaining 5 million acres of Creek land to the federal government. Include how the treaty was almost immediately broken and the Creeks were forced to move west of the Mississippi. (PDQ: Why do you think that the treaty was not enforced?) Point out on the map that the Cherokees were the only Indians remaining in Georgia. (PDQ: Why do you think that Georgia settlers had not moved into the Cherokee area?)

Removal of the Creeks Battles over land as colonials moved west into Georgia. Alexander McGilivray Leader of the Creek Indians Son of a Scottish trader and ½ French ½ Creek mother. He sold Creek land near the Oconee River in 1790.

Removal of the Creeks William McIntosh – Son of a Scottish officer and Creek mother. He was Governor Troup’s first cousin. McIntosh signed the Treaty of Indian Springs in 1825 giving all remaining Creek land to the state of Georgia. The Creeks were angry and a war party was gathered and they killed McIntosh. By 1827, the Creeks had relocated to the wilderness across the Mississippi River.

Check your Work. Turn to page 46 and complete the True/False questions. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. T 7. F 8. T

Removal of the Cherokee - They remained after the Creeks left and lived in Northwest GA. Their society was very advanced and their capital was New Echota. They had a constitution. VHS - 15 min. video

Sequoyah - video He created a Cherokee alphabet that enabled the tribe to read, write, and publish its own newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix.

Removal of the Cherokee In 1791, the U.S. government signed a treaty guaranteeing that the Cherokee nation could be independent and have its own government. In 1828, about the same time gold was discovered in Dahlonega, that decision was reversed.

Removal of the Cherokee – Dahlonega Gold Rush More settlers were moving to Dahlonega and pushing the Cherokees out. In 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, which ordered all Indians east of the Mississippi River to leave their homes and move west. – Trail of Tears

Removal of the Cherokee Cherokees went to court over this. Cherokee chief, John Ross (Scottish dad, ½ Scottish, ½ Cherokee mom) argued the case before the Supreme Court. In 1832, Chief Justice John Marshall ruled in favor of the Cherokee in Worcester v. Georgia. He said GA laws were not valid on Cherokee land. President Andrew Jackson ignored this and ordered them to leave! Watch Chief Vann House VHS video

Removal of the Cherokee – Trail of Tears In 1838, 14,000 Cherokee were herded on an 800 mile journey to Oklahoma. More than 4,000 men, women, and children died from the harsh weather, disease, and lack of food during the 6 month journey. Brainpop Quiz

Trail of Tears Map

Trail of Tears

Check your work Look at the bottom of page 47 and answer the questions at the bottom

Powerpoint Project Go to the Public drive – coffey – Indian Powerpoint template to create a powerpoint about the Georgia Native Americans and their removal. You may work with a partner and this is for a project grade.