ISN pg 200, title Battles in the Pacific

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Presentation transcript:

ISN pg 200, title Battles in the Pacific Preview: Think back to September 11, 2001. How did you feel when the Twin Towers & Pentagon were attacked? What immediate thoughts did you have about the terrorists who carried out these acts? Would you have volunteered for military service if your President asked Americans to enlist? Explain

War in the Pacific

Pearl Harbor Japan was mad at US for interfering with expansion Dec 7, 1941—Japan bombed Pearl Harbor (Hawaii); US declared war on Japan Wanted to take out US navy so could freely conquer Dutch East Indies 19 ships, 188 planes, 2,400 killed;

Pearl Harbor Used planes to destroy 18 battleships & kill 2,403 sailors in 2 hours Pearl Harbor was not only US naval base attacked—Japan also bombed US navy in Manila, Bataan, Corregidor, Wake Island, & Guam on its way to taking huge empire in Pacific Ocean by June 1942 Wanted “Asia for Asians” & hoped to stretch empire from Japan to Australia

War in the Pacific Japanese Empire, 1942

War in the Pacific USA Pacific forces led by Douglas MacArthur & Chester Nimitz fought to defeat Japan; needed to conquer Japanese-controlled islands to get to Japan May 1942—Battle of Midway—1st successful US defeat of Japanese navy

War in the Pacific US & Australian troops fought to defeat Japan; Japanese refused to surrender & fought to the last man; made fighting for islands difficult August 1942—Guadalcanal— 6-month land, air, sea battle; Japanese kamikaze (suicide) pilots bombed US ships & bases

War in the Pacific Japanese Empire, 1942

War in the Pacific Allies could never take all Japanese-controlled islands (too costly), so US began island-hopping strategy—capture some islands, skip others; hoped to cut off Japanese supply lines & “starve” other Japanese-controlled islands

War in the Pacific By 1945, US won Iwo Jima & Okinawa in the worst fighting of Pacific War— US suffered most marine casualties in these 2 island invasions Needed these islands as bases to use for invasion of Japan

War in the Pacific Japanese Empire, 1942

V-J Despite heavy losses, Japan refused to surrender to Allies; continued to fight to last man & used suicide missions to kill as many Allies as possible US faced with decision: invade Japan OR use new weapon—atomic bomb Atomic Bomb secretly developed in New Mexico desert during Manhattan Project

V-J August 6,1945—new US President Harry Truman ordered drop of atomic bomb on Hiroshima; Japan issued no response; 2nd atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki 3 days later Atomic Bomb Video

Hiroshima

Nagasaki

V-J August 14, 1945-Japan surrendered—Victory in Japan World War 2 was over