Human leukocyte antigen-G, a ligand for the natural killer receptor KIR2DL4, is expressed by eutopic endometrium only in the menstrual phase Masaaki.

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Human leukocyte antigen-G, a ligand for the natural killer receptor KIR2DL4, is expressed by eutopic endometrium only in the menstrual phase Masaaki Kawashima, M.D., Nagamasa Maeda, M.D., Yoshihiro Adachi, M.D., Tamotsu Takeuchi, M.D., Yorito Yamamoto, M.D., Chiaki Izumiya, M.D., Kazutoshi Hayashi, M.D., Mutsuo Furihata, M.D., Keiko Udaka, M.D., Takao Fukaya, M.D. Fertility and Sterility Volume 91, Issue 2, Pages 343-349 (February 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.005 Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Scatter plots of CD158a+ NK cells (B) and CD158d+ NK cells (C) in peritoneal fluid (PF) from women with endometriosis, as shown by flow cytometry. (A) Negative control. Scatter plots of CD158a+ NK cells (E) and CD158d+ NK cells (F) in PF from women without endometriosis. (D) Negative control. The percentage values in the upper right quadrants represent the actual percentage of CD56+ CD158a+ and CD56+ CD158d+ NK cells. NK = natural killer; FITC = fluorescein isothiocyanate; PE = phycoerythrin. Fertility and Sterility 2009 91, 343-349DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.005) Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Immunohistochemical staining of HLA-G in eutopic endometrium according to the phase of the menstrual cycle. (Cont. A, A, B, C) Women with endometriosis; (Cont. D, D, E, F) women without endometriosis. Specimens in A and D were obtained in the menstrual phase; Cont. A and Cont. D represents negative controls (secondary antibody only) for A and D, respectively. (B and E) the late proliferative phase; (C and F) the secretory phase. HLA-G expression was observed in endometrial epithelial cells during the menstrual phase in women with and without endometriosis. (G) Chorionic trophoblast obtained from the patient with ectopic pregnancy for positive control. HLA = human leukocyte antigen; Cont. = control. Fertility and Sterility 2009 91, 343-349DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.005) Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Immunohistochemical staining of HLA-G in eutopic endometrium (upper row) and peritoneal cells (lower row). Columns A and B represent menstrual phase samples from a 36- and a 32-year-old woman with endometriosis. Columns C and D represent follicular (proliferative) and luteal phase (secretory) samples from a 28- and a 33-year-old woman with endometriosis. Columns E and F represent menstrual phase samples from a 42- and a 38-year-old woman without endometriosis (uterine myoma). Columns G and H represent follicular (proliferative) and luteal phase (secretory) samples from a 33- and a 39-year-old woman without endometriosis (uterine myoma). The percentage values represent means ± SD of HLA-G-expressing cells per field. Three fields are counted and number of HLA-G-expressing cells per field is averaged. HLA = human leukocyte antigen. Fertility and Sterility 2009 91, 343-349DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.005) Copyright © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions