Por: Minerva Martínez ENGL 360 Prof. E. Lugo February 9, 2012 Spanish Irregular Verbs

What are Spanish irregular verbs? Irregular verbs are verbs which don't follow standard rules of conjugation in the different verb tenses. The bad news is that they're the most used verbs. So you need to focus on them more, the good news is that you can become familiar with them easily. Examples: to go (ir) to walk (andar)

Spanish Irregular Verbs Here we will go through types of irregularity: -First person singular present with g: decir (to say), I say= digo. caer (to fall), I fall= caigo. hacer (to do), I do= hago. salir (to go out), I go out= salgo... -First person present g changes to j: escoger (to choose), I choose= escojo. corregir (to correct), I correct= corrijo. -Stem changes in the third person singular present (e -> ie): negar (to deny), he denies= niega. cerrar (to close), he closes= cierra. pensar (to think), he thinks=piensa »Ex. I go out. – Yo salgo. »He denies the charges. – El niega los cargos. »I choose the blue one. – Yo escojo el azul.

Spanish Irregular Verbs -Stem changes in the third person singular present (u -> ue): jugar (to play), he plays= juega. mostrar (to show), he shows= muestra. dormir (to sleep),he sleeps=duerme -Stem changes in the third person singular present (e -> i): decir (to say), he says= dice. medir (to measure), he measures= mide. »Ex. He sleeps. – El duerme. »The teacher measures the cup. – La maestra mide la taza.

Spanish Irregular Verbs -When we add an e to the last letter of the stem c then (c -> qu): platicar (to chat), I chatted= platiqué; masticar (to chew); I chewed=mastiqué -When we add an e to the last letter of the stem z then (z- > c): lanzar (to throw) I threw= lancé. When we add an a or o to the last letter of the stem c then (c ->zc): conocer (to know) I know= conozco. »Ex. I chewed gum. – Yo mastiqué chicle. »I know the meaning. – Yo conozco el significado.

Spanish Irregular Verbs Conjugation: –Past participle: Most of the time, past participles in Spanish are formed by changing the ending of -ar verbs to -ado and the ending of -er and -ir verbs to -ido. However, there are dozens of exceptions. –Note that many of the verbs can be used with prefixes. In such cases, the past participle continues to be irregular. For example, the past participle of posponer (to postpone) is pospuesto, and the past participle of deshacer (to undo) is deshecho. –Some verbs have more than one past-participle form. In some cases, usage varies with region, and in some cases the past participle varies depending on whether the participle is used with an auxiliary verb or as an adjective to modify a noun. »Examples: »corromper (to spoil, to corrupt), corrompido, corrupto »elegir (to elect), elegido, electo

Spanish Irregular Verbs Past Participle Irregulars proveer (to provide) –Ex. The article was provided. –El articulo fue proveído. Present Perfect haber + past participle proveer (to provide), –Ex. The merchant has provided the articles. –El mercader ha provisto los articulos. Present Progressive estar + present participle I am providing (right now, at this moment)- Estoy proveyendo. Never use present progressive for something that will occur in the future.

Spanish Irregular Verbs Present Subjunctive - verbs with irregular first persons in present indicative Ex. Proveer proveo, provees, provee, proveen, proveéis, proveemos Pronoun placement with commands Affirmative commands: attach to verb Negative commands: precede verb Ex. Provéaselas. Provide them. Do not provide them. No se las provea. Tráigaselas. No se las traiga.

Spanish Irregular Verbs Indirect commands Use "que + present subjunctive" Que entre María. Let María come in. Que vengan a las cuatro. Have them come at four o'clock Future Perfect haber + past participle habrá hablado, habrá comido, habrá vivido Conditional Tense Infinitive + ending (-ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, - ían) Ex. Tu irías. Nosotros iríamos. I would go. They would go.

Spanish Irregular Verbs Conditional Tense Irregulars caber yo cabría – I would poner yo pondría –I would put the phone if… decir yo diría – I would tell if…

Spanish Irregular Verbs Lets review: Verb: andar (to walk): (caminar) »I walked. – Yo anduve. »That you would walk. – Que tú anduvieses. »We would walk. – Nosotros anduviéremos. Persons Past Simple Indicative Imperfect Subjunctive Future Subjunctive Yoanduveanduviese (-viera)anduviere Túanduvisteanduviesesanduvieres El/Ellaanduvoanduvieseanduviere Nosotrosanduvimosanduviésemosanduviéremos Vosotrosanduvisteisanduvieseisanduviereis Ellos/ellasanduvieronanduviesenanduvieren

Spanish Irregular Verbs Present continuous I am providing: Yo estoy proveyendo Present perfect I have provided: Y he provisto Future I will provide: Yo proveeré Future perfect I will have provided: Yo estaría proveyendo. Past continuous I was providing: Yo estuve proveyendo Past perfect I had provided: Yo había provisto Future continuous I will be providing: Yo estaré proveyendo Present perfect continuous I have been providing: Yo he estado proveyendo Past perfect continuous I had been providing: Yo había estado proveyendo. Future perfect continuous I will have been providing: Yo habré estado proveyendo

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