Characteristics of propofol-evoked vascular pain in anaesthetized rats R Ando, C Watanabe British Journal of Anaesthesia Volume 95, Issue 3, Pages 384-392 (September 2005) DOI: 10.1093/bja/aei184 Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
Fig 1 A schematic diagram of recording and analytic methods for assessments of flexor reflex in rats. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 95, 384-392DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
Fig 2 The effect of increasing doses on i.a. propofol- and capsaicin-evoked rectified EMG (lower) in rats showing EMG value (mVs2), latency (s), and duration (s) for each dose (a, b, c) of propofol and capsaicin (upper). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 95, 384-392DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
Fig 3 The effects of pre-treatment with (a) procaine (i.a.) and (b) lidocaine (i.a.) on the i.a. propofol- (left) and capsaicin-evoked (right) EMG responses. **P<0.01 (n=6, Fisher's Protected LSD test). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 95, 384-392DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
Fig 4 Typical tracings of the effects of repeated i.a. injections (at 2-min intervals) of propofol (upper) and capsaicin (lower) on the flexor reflex in rats. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 95, 384-392DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
Fig 5 The effects of pre-treatment with morphine (5 mg kg−1, s.c.) and naloxone (1.5 mg kg−1, s.c.) on i.a. (a) propofol- and (b) capsaicin-evoked EMG responses. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, saline vs morphine; #P<0.01; +P<0.05, morphine vs morphine + naloxone; $P<0.01, saline vs morphine + naloxone (n=6, Fisher's Protected LSD test). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 95, 384-392DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
Fig 6 The effects of arterial pre-treatment with capsazepine (20 μg) on i.a. (a) propofol- and (b) capsaicin-evoked EMG responses. **P<0.01 vs 1% DMSO (n=6, Fisher's Protected LSD test). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 95, 384-392DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
Fig 7 The effects of pre-treatment with indomethacin (INDM, 10 mg kg−1, i.p.) on i.a. (a) propofol- and (b) capsaicin-evoked EMG responses. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 5 μg) was infused arterially 55 min after indomethacin treatment. **P<0.01 vs 0.5% TWEEN 80, indomethacin + prostaglandin E2 (n=5, Fisher's Protected LSD test). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 95, 384-392DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions
Fig 8 The potentiating effects of arterial pre-infusion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 5 μg) on i.a. (a) propofol- and (b) capsaicin-evoked flexor reflex responses in rats. The upper illustrations are typical tracings of the rectified EMG. **P<0.01 vs capsaicin (n=5, Mann–Whitney U-test). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 95, 384-392DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei184) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions