pH control with CO 2 gas (Carbon Dioxide) A precise control of pH value is a necessary element in the disinfection of swimming pools and spa water, as it maximizes the Redox potential for oxidation of organic matter. Precise pH balance, within a proper ranges, will maximize the life of the pool structures and surfaces and the components of the recirculation systems. Our Carbon Dioxide Feed System would eliminate the hazards and the hassles of handling acid-based products. Muriatic acid is dangerously corrosive; handling this chemical is very dangerous to the untrained. Dry acid (Sodium Bisulfate) is unfriendly to heating systems, in that this chemical precipitates in hot water, causing a corrosive form of scale. Carbon Dioxide is a non-flammable gas. When mixed in water, it forms a very mild acid (Carbonic Acid), which is strong enough to maintain pool water within the appropriate pH range ( ), without damaging your equipment.

Carbon Dioxide and Acid pH reducers Comparison Chart ECO2 (carbon dioxide) Solforic & chloridric Acid (pH- liquid & powder) Safe for both bathers. No dangerous acids storage. No dangerous acid fumes and equipment. Liquid acid is corrosive, poisonous, flammable, and an inhalation threat. It is a very dangerous substance. CO 2 is inert, non-poisonous, non-flammable and does not require special clothing or breathing apparatus when handling. Manufacturers' standards for proper handling require special clothing and breathing apparatus. No unexpected reactions with Chlorine. CO 2 will not harm or deteriorate the surface of your pool. Corroding electrical devices, conduit, pumps, and mechanical room structural supports. Impossible to lower pH below 6.7 A natural bicarbonate buffer. Improves pH stability. Raises total alkalinity. Liquid acid reduces pH but does not stabilize pH. This requires frequent applications. Typically, multiple applications weekly.

HOW THE SYSTEM WORKS The ECO2 control unit operates at a low pressure (2 bars) and come complete with a feed supply adjustable regulator and gauges. Mount the system securely to a standard high pressure Carbon Dioxide cylinder. PVC injector check valve chamber should be plumbed into the return line in appropriate location as determined by installer and connected to the system with 3/8 flexible tubing included. The high pressure CO2 cylinders can be filled at any welding shop or gas reseller. Operation and Maintenance The flow rate has been preset to meet maximum demand for CO2 pH control. The controller shall actuate the flow control solenoid valve to provide pH correction as determined by our factory preset proportional feed control logic. Maintenance of the flow control unit is minimal, normal care in cleaning is advised. Field information and research indicates that it is impossible to achieve a pH value below 6.2.

FEATURES ECO2 pH Range pH Redox Range mV Redox control plug Standard alarm Kit 0/4…20 mA output Manual or automatic Calibration (pH/Redox) Easy to install IP 55 housing Displays LCD Two programmable set points Isteresys preset (pH) and 6-40 mV for Redox values Rotameter 0-15 Nlt. Min. Quick-release & Check-valves in AISI316 e Viton® kynar® Ejector, PP-Pvc static mixer kynar® Ejector PP-Pvc static mixer

A research carried out at UAB University in Barcelona Espana Research - A research carried out at UAB demonstrates that using CO2 instead of hydrochloric acid in pools reduces harmful compounds present in the air, while maintaining the same efficacy as a pH reducer in water. CO2 moreover has environmental advantages, given that its use in water reduces the balance of greenhouse gas emissions and the renewal of water, and once released into the environment is less harmful to organisms. The research has been published in the journal Chemosphere. UAB researchers have analysed the effect of using carbon dioxide in substitution for hydrochloric acid (HCl) to control acidity (pH) in pool water in combination with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) (the best way to obtain NaOCl is with an electrolytic salt chlorinator process) as a disinfectant. The research was carried out during four years at two pools located at UAB and at the pool of the Catalan Sports Council in Barcelona. Water was treated with CO 2 and HCl in alternative periods, while scientists examined the composition of the water and air near the pool surface (the air breathed in by bathers).

The results, published in the journal Chemosphere, demonstrate that CO 2 represents clear advantages with regard to hydrochloric acid. The first advantage, which was the one to spur on the research, was detecting that using CO 2 prevents the possibility of accidentally mixing hydrochloric acid and sodium hypochlorite, causing a reaction in which large amounts of toxic gases are released and supposing a risk both for those working with the substances and for pool users. However scientists observed an additional and unexpected advantage: the use of CO 2 reduces the formation of the oxidising agents chloramines and trihalomethanes, substances which are harmful to health and produced in reactions between sodium hypochlorite and organic remains found in the water. This reaction is the cause of the typical smell of chlorine in pools. Using CO 2 in pools also has environmental advantages. On the one hand it reduces the global emission of greenhouse gases and diminishes its "ecological impact". On the other hand, it does not change the electrical conductivity of the water as happens when hydrochloric acid is used and which affects living organisms when pool water is released into the environment as residual water. Participating in the research were Anton Gomà from the Physical Activity Service (SAF); Albert Guisasola, Carlota Tayà, Juan A. Baeza, Albert Bartrolí and Javier Lafuente from the Department of Chemical Engineering; and Mireia Baeza and Jordi Bartrolí from the Department of Chemistry, UAB.