The Civil War.

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Presentation transcript:

The Civil War

Vocabulary Secession- The act of withdrawing formally from an organization or nation Emancipation Proclamation- President Lincoln’s declaration that all slaves under Confederate control would be freed Scorched Earth Policy- Policy of breaking the enemies will by destroying food, shelter, and supplies

B. The Start of the War 1. The Election of President Lincoln a. Lincoln gets a majority of the electoral votes but only 40% of popular vote b. Southern States call for secession (South Carolina is the first to leave)

Ft. Sumter, SC- 1861

2. The Fall of Fort Sumter A. Confederate Army attacks Fort on April 13, 1861. Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteers to suppress the rebellion. B. Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee leave Union and elect Jefferson Davis

3. The Union and Confederacy Compared A. North 1. Larger Population (22 million- 9 million) 2. Better Transportation 3. Better Industry 4. More Natural Resources

B. Confederacy 1. Better Military Leadership 2. Only had to fight a defensive war

C. Major Military Battles

1. The First Battle of Bull Run A. 1861-Confederates outnumbered 2 to 1, however, they defeat the Union forces

2. The Battles of Shiloh and Antietam a. Shiloh- 20,000 die and both sides realize it is going to be a long, bloody war

B. Antietam- 30,000 die, Union wins, and Britain decides not to help the Confederacy

3. The Battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg

3. The Battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg a. Gettysburg- 51,000 die, Union prevails b. Vicksburg- Grant leads a Union victory in Mississippi that gives the North an edge in the South

D. Social and Economic Battles 1. Emancipation a. North Repeals fugitive Slave Law b. Lincoln gives Emancipation Proclamation (border state slaves were not freed)

2. Riots a. Riots in North because of the draft b. Riots in South are due to lack of food and supplies 3. New Roles a. Women ran society while men were fighting b. Red Cross founded, many women serve as nurses

E. The Road to Surrender

1. Union Policies in the South a. Sherman and Sheridan use scorched earth policy and burn the South 2. Final Surrender a. Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865