Ultrasound determination of total arterial wall thickness Timothy C. Hodges, MD, Paul R. Detmer, PhD, David L. Dawson, MD, Robert O. Bergelin, MS, Kirk W. Beach, PhD, MD, Thomas S. Hatsukami, MD, Brenda K. Zierler, RN, BSN, RVT, Janette A. Isaacson, RVT, RCVT, D.Eugene Strandness, MD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 19, Issue 4, Pages 745-753 (April 1994) DOI: 10.1016/S0741-5214(94)70051-6 Copyright © 1994 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions
Fig. 1 Technique of wall thickness measurement. 2× magnified B-mode image of arterial wall was presented to observer. Measurements were made on specified 5 mm segment by marking border of vein lumen, arterial lumen (inner and outer), and intima-medial border. With image scale factor, computer algorithm calculates wall thickness and intima-media thickness. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1994 19, 745-753DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(94)70051-6) Copyright © 1994 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions
Fig. 2 Image grade distribution. Specific criteria (Table II) were applied to determine quality of B-mode images. Poor images (grade 5) were excluded from analysis. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1994 19, 745-753DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(94)70051-6) Copyright © 1994 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions
Fig. 3 Image grade examples: A, grade 1; B, grade 3; C, grade 5. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1994 19, 745-753DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(94)70051-6) Copyright © 1994 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions
Fig. 4 Wall thickness by group (median [whisker] and intequartile range [box]). CCA total arterial wall thickness increases significantly with age and increases further with clinically significant lower extremity arterial disease. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1994 19, 745-753DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(94)70051-6) Copyright © 1994 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions
Fig. 5 Wall thickness components. Extramedial wall tissue (adventitia, connective tissue, and vein wall) increases with age and disease state without alteration in its proportional contribution to total wall thickness. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1994 19, 745-753DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(94)70051-6) Copyright © 1994 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions