Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars Listening & Speaking 南昌二中 涂宇

Isaac Newton Steve Jobs

Gravity the Pull from the earth 3

How much do you know about gravity? competition How much do you know about gravity?

F There is no gravity on the moon.

An apple has a stronger gravity than a pencil.

F If superman gets too hungry to fly while traveling in deep space, he will fall back to earth.

Your electronic watch goes slower on the moon than on the earth. F

Superman can not escape from black hole.

New Words object

float edge

New Words gravity pull object edge float 重力 拉, 拖 物体 边缘 漂浮

√ Task one Which is the best summary of the text? The text is about how these scientists wanted to find out about the beginning of the universe. The text is about how the idea of gravity has developed over a long period of time. The text is about the importance of three scientists and their work. 2. How many physicists are mentioned? √

Gravity Isaac Newton Albert Einstein Stephen Hawking

Summary Black holes pulls further slower edge stronger Isaac Newton Albert Einstein Stephen Hawking Idea Development In space large objects make space and time bend; the larger the object, the _______ space and time bend. Large bodies have a force which _______things towards them Black holes ___________have a very large mass and pull things towards them. Summary pulls further slower The bigger the object, the _________ the gravity. Time goes _____ in very strong gravity. If you cross over the ______, you cannot get out, but if you do not, you may be able to escape. edge stronger

THEORIES OF GRAVITY Michael Jones of the New Space Magazines is talking with space traveller Li Yanping about changes in the theory of gravity. Part 1 MJ:Hello,Dr Li Yanping.It's so good of you to talk to me.Some students ask us why things always fall back to earth if you throw them up in the air.Could you explain it? LY:Well,at first people thought it was because the earth was the center of the universe.Of course that was wrong.One day Isaac Newton watched an apple fall to the ground.He said that something else must be pulling the apple back to earth.He called it"gravity". MJ:I see.Did people accept his idea?

LY:They did.Later they worked out that bigger objects(like the sun)have stronger gravity than smaller objects(like our planets).If you're travelling in deep space,you couldn't fall back to the earth.You're just too far away. Part 2 MJ:Does it mean there's no gravity in space? LY:No.In a sapceship you would feel the pull as it got closer to such an object.You would trave faster and faster towards it. MJ:Until you hit it? LY:Not exactly.You may pass it very fast and then it would throw you out into space again.After that you would slow down to the usual speed. MJ:How do you know this?

LY:In 1905 Einstein said that in space large objects make space-time bend;the larger the objects,the further space-time bends.So time goes slower in very strong gravity. MJ:What aout black holes? LY:That's a place in space which has such a strong mass that nothing can escape from its gravity.There is a kind of edge around this mass.If you cross over this edge,it’s impossible for you to get back.However , if you don’t cross this edge,you can still escape.Stephen Hawking has done a lot of research into black holes.He has shown that they "spit"things out as well as "eat"them.

Black holes have a very large mass and pull things towards them. Stephen Hawking 超链接视频

Task Two If one object moves towards the “black hole”, what would happen?

Observation: __________ Feeling: ______________ Journey log Approaching the “ black hole”: Observation: __________ Feeling: ______________ Spaceship jumped: Observation: __________ Feeling: ______________ Spaceship jumped again: Observation: __________ Feeling: ______________ New discovery: _____________________

Approaching the Black hole: Observation: We could see some ___________ around what looked like an ___________. Feeling: We watched with ___________________ at the lights. faint lights empty space interest and amazement

Spaceship jumped again: Observation: The gravity of the “black hole” was _________________________. Feeling: I felt rather_____ and my mouth _______and I closed my eyes. Spaceship jumped again: Observation: This time it moved _________ and __________________ of the “black hole”. Feeling: We felt_________. pulling us into its “mouth” sick went dry sideways away from the edge nothing

New discovery: If you go inside the edge of a “black hole”, it will___________and ___________________; but if you do not, you may _____________________________. “eat” you there is no escape have an opportunity to escape

Task 3 Interview: do an interview about this trip one group member as an astronaut Task 3 the others as journalists

Oh no no!! It was pulling us into it!! Guys, look! There are so many beautiful faint lights! ………. … Amazing! It looked like an empty space. Role play: suppose you are astronauts in the spaceship, act out what you experienced in the trip according to the journey log!

Useful sentence structures Thank you so much for coming to talk to us today about…. Would you please tell us about your …? What does it feel like in ..? Did you feel afraid? / What surprise you? Would you like to go into space again? You would feel…

Speaking activity

Homework http://www.astronomy.com/

Thank you!