Molecular Compounds SNC2D

Molecular Compounds Sometimes non-metals don’t borrow electrons from metals to fill their last shell; instead, they get together and ?

Molecular Compounds Sometimes non-metals don’t borrow electrons from metals to fill their last shell; instead, they get together and share their electrons.

Molecular Compounds Since they are sharing valence electrons, the bond formed between the atoms is called ?

Molecular Compounds Since they are sharing valence electrons, the bond formed between the atoms is called covalent.

Molecular Compounds Since they are sharing valence electrons, the bond formed between the atoms is called covalent. These compounds can be represented using Lewis dot diagrams: e.g.

Molecular Compounds Or, more commonly, by Kekulé diagrams, where each electron shared is represented by a line connecting the chemical symbols, e.g.:

Molecular Compounds Example:

Molecular Compounds Example:

Multiple Bonds The sharing of more than one electron is represented using more than one line, e.g.:

Multiple Bonds The sharing of more than one electron is represented using more than one line, e.g.: There is a double bond between the carbon atoms.

Naming Molecular Compounds The elements in the name are given prefixes corresponding to the subscripts (number of atoms) and the second element is given the suffix “-ide.” e.g. CO2 is carbon dioxide

The Prefixes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

The Prefixes 1 Mono-* 2 3 4 5 6 7

The Prefixes 1 Mono-* 2 Di- 3 4 5 6 7

The Prefixes 1 Mono-* 2 Di- 3 Tri- 4 5 6 7

The Prefixes 1 Mono-* 2 Di- 3 Tri- 4 Tetra- 5 6 7

The Prefixes 1 Mono-* 2 Di- 3 Tri- 4 Tetra- 5 Penta- 6 7

The Prefixes 1 Mono-* 2 Di- 3 Tri- 4 Tetra- 5 Penta- 6 Hexa- 7

The Prefixes 1 Mono-* 2 Di- 3 Tri- 4 Tetra- 5 Penta- 6 Hexa- 7 Hepta-

The Prefixes 1 Mono-* 2 Di- 3 Tri- 4 Tetra- 5 Penta- 6 Hexa- 7 Hepta- * The 1st element in the name never need a mono-

Examples OF4 N2O Cl2O7 iodine trichloride diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide

Examples OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride N2O Cl2O7 iodine trichloride diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide

Examples OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride N2O dinitrogen monoxide Cl2O7 iodine trichloride diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide

Examples OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride N2O dinitrogen monoxide Cl2O7 dichlorine heptoxide iodine trichloride diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide

Examples OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride N2O dinitrogen monoxide Cl2O7 dichlorine heptoxide iodine trichloride ICl3 diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide

Examples OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride N2O dinitrogen monoxide Cl2O7 dichlorine heptoxide iodine trichloride ICl3 diphosphorus pentoxide P2O5 sulphur hexaiodide

Examples OF4 oxygen tetrafluoride N2O dinitrogen monoxide Cl2O7 dichlorine heptoxide iodine trichloride ICl3 diphosphorus pentoxide P2O5 sulphur hexaiodide SI6

Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH3 CH4 H2O

Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH3 ammonia CH4 H2O

Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH3 ammonia CH4 methane H2O

Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH3 ammonia CH4 methane H2O water

The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H2, Cl2, and O2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g. H2 Cl2 O2

The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H2, Cl2, and O2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g. H2 hydrogen gas Cl2 O2

The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H2, Cl2, and O2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g. H2 hydrogen gas Cl2 chlorine gas O2

The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H2, Cl2, and O2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g. H2 hydrogen gas Cl2 chlorine gas O2 oxygen gas

Activity “Modelling Molecules” You need a handout and a modelling kit.