1862: From Second Bull Run to Antietam

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Presentation transcript:

1862: From Second Bull Run to Antietam

Jackson’s Valley Campaign (March-May 1862) 17,000 Confederates vs. 52,000 Federals Jackson outmaneuvers, outmarches, and humiliates Union armies Stops McDowell from RI-ing McClellan during Peninsula Campaign

Union Army of Virginia Created Gen. John Pope: combined Valley armies of McDowell, Banks, and Fremont 51,000 men Why Pope? Western successes @ New Madrid, MO & Island No. 10 “Confidence and Aggressiveness”

Lee Takes Over Army of N. VA “The Gambler”: guesses McClellan’s Richmond Campaign is over. Leaves a tiny force protecting Richmond; moves North to destroy Pope. Divides Army into two wings: Longstreet & Jackson.

Union Disaster at Second Bull Run (August 25-August 30, 1862) Lee sends Jackson on flanking march around Union army. Jackson captures Union supply depot at Manassas. Pope scurries North to engage Jackson.

Battle of Second Bull Run (August 28-August 30, 1862) Jackson takes strong defensive position Pope recklessly attacks, taking heavy losses Day 3: Longstreet counterattacks, Pope retreats Casualties: Union: 10,000 killed and wounded CSA: 8,000 killed and wounded

Lee Plans First Invasion of the North September 1862: Lee plans an invasion of the North, threatening Harrisburg, PA and encouraging foreign recognition.

Battle of Antietam (September 17, 1862) Lincoln turns to McClellan…again Special Order 191: Lee’s battle plan, found by Union soldiers on Sept. 16 McClellan fails to act quickly (reeeeal shocker!)

Battle of Antietam (continued) Lee reforms his army near Sharpsburg, MD McClellan plans massive assault on Confederate left flank Lee has his back to Potomac, with only one escape route

Battle of Antietam (continued) Heavy fighting at the Cornfield, “Bloody Lane”, and Burnside Bridge Confederates nearly break; saved by last second reinforcements McClellan allows Lee to retreat to VA Casualties: Union: 12,400 CSA: 10,300

“The Dead of Antietam” by Gardner/Brady