Active and Bulk Transport
Active Transport After digestion, nutrients (eg. Glucose) are absorbed into our cells Uses energy to ‘pump’ molecules from place to place Diffusion cannot be used because it would stop when the cell reached dynamic equilibrium
The molecule is pumped against the concentration gradient by membrane channels These channels need ATP (energy molecule) to work
Sodium/ Potassium Pumps Na+/K+ Pump Very important in muscle and nerve cells Allows for muscle contractions and for nerve messages to travel from cell to cell
Bulk Transport The movement of large quantities of molecules in and out of cells (requires ATP)
Endocytosis Movement of molecules INTO the cell Can be solids (phagocytosis) or liquids (pinocytosis) Vesicles (sacs) are formed around the food or liquid and carry it from the cell membrane through the cytoplasm
Exocytosis Movement of molecules OUT of the cell (ex. Hormones) A secretory vesicle forms around the molecule and carries it out of the cell