ROMAN BRITAIN (AD 43-410).

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Presentation transcript:

ROMAN BRITAIN (AD 43-410)

Extent of Roman Influence

Motives for the Ist Roman Invasion Julius Caesar, 55-54 B.C. Prestige Economic Gain Strategic Celts in Gaul

Motives for the 2nd Invasion Uphold Roman Authority Verica, King of the Atrebates Overthrown by Cunobelin’s son Implementation of Roman policy Elimination of Drudism in Gaul Internal Stability Legitimize Emperor’s Authority Emperor Claudius, AD 43

Map of Roman Britain

Roman Britain

Urban Communities Urban Dwellers Amenities 3 Types Distinguished by Roman Citizenship and Roman Influence Colonia Municipium Civitas Government Spanish Aqueduct

Bath Spa

Layout of Roman Towns

Roman Amphitheatre

Roman Wall Outside London Museum

Ribcester (Lancashire)

Roman Chester

Celtic Hut Historical Misconceptions Isolated Farms & Villas Existence of Villages Full Gamut of Categories Isolated Farms, Hamlets, Villages

Celtic Roundhouse

Rural Life 2nd Misconception Exalted View of Villas Percentage of Impressive Villas Geographic Location Popularity Role Model of Typical Villa

Reconstruction of One Villa Diamond Tile Villa

Reconstructed Bancroft Villa

Roman Villa in Britain

Mosaic Floors

Roman Palace of Fishbourne, West Sussex

Mosaic In British Museum

Phoenix Mosaic

Earliest Mosaic of Christ

Rural Life: Agriculture Improved Organization Wells Underground Silos Water-Powered Machinery

Economy Roman Contributions Improved Organization Trade Expansion Exports and Imports Slavery

Cross Section of Roman Road

Roman Administration

Family Life Slavery Architecture of Town Houses Water Supplies Marriage Death Roman Arch in Lincoln

Death in Roman Britain

Limits of Roman Influence I Failure to Romanize Northern Military Zone Boudicca’s Revolt (60) Governor Agricola (78-84) ---Battle of Mons Graupius (84)

Limits of Roman Influence II Roman Walls Hadrian’s Wall (122-28) Antonine Wall (142) ien Hadrian’ Wall Emperor Hadrian

Roman Britain

Hadrian’s Wall

Hadrian’s Wall

Hadrian’s Wall

Limits of Roman Influence III Stagnation of Celtic Tribal Centers Failure of Model Roman Towns to Expand Minimal Contribution to Farming

Impact of Roman Britain Saxon Invasion Complicates Assessment Language Christianity Paved Roads Older Scholarly View Town Sites Saxon Cultural Level Saxon Political Unity Lindisfarne Gospels

The End of Roman Britain 5th Century Collapse Assaults of 367 Terminal Date? 409 410 420 or 430

Invasions of the 5th Century

Porchester Castle Built for Defense Against Invaders

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