Earth’s Crust.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Layers of the Earth.
Advertisements

Layers of the Earth Notes
1._____heat from inside the Earth 2._____type of resource minerals and metals are 3. _____cutting down all of the trees in an area 4._____crops that replenish.
Inside the Earth-Pages
Earth on the Move Earth Structure & Plate Tectonics Notes.
PLATE TECTONICS LIZ LAROSA FOR USE WITH MY 5 TH GRADE SCIENCE CLASS 2009
Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics.
Earth layers.
Plate Tectonics - PANGAEA
“Continental Drift” I. Early Evidence of Continental Movement: A. Continental Drift: 1. Continental Drift -A hypothesis, which states that continents.
 Composition: Silicon, Oxygen, and Aluminum  Types: › Continental Crust: solid & rocky outer layer › Oceanic Crust: thin & dense material.
Unit 4 Lesson 1 Earth’s Layers
Plate Tectonics.
Earth. What Have Scientists Learned About the Earth and its Interior?
Plate Tectonics California Example. Plate Tectonics Greek – “tektonikos” of a builder Pieces of the lithosphere that move around Each plate has a name.
Forces that act on the Earth. The Inner Core The deepest layer in Earth is the inner core. It is located at the center of Earth because it contains.
Plate Tectonics. Earth’s Layers The Earth's rocky outer crust solidified billions of years ago, soon after the Earth formed. This crust is not a solid.
Earth’s Layers.
Definitions. 1. CRUST The thin and solid outermost chemical layer of the earth above the mantle.
Plate Tectonics. Earth’s Layers The Earth's rocky outer crust solidified billions of years ago, soon after the Earth formed. This crust is not a solid.
INSIDE THE EARTH REVIEW COMPLIMENTS OF MS. SINGLETON.
Alfred Wagner – proposed that in the distant past, the Earth ’ s continents were all joined as a single landmass. What was the name of his hypothesis?
Chapter 15 Plate Tectonics Section 1 Inside the EarthInside the Earth Section 2 Restless ContinentsRestless Continents Section 3 The Theory of Plate TectonicsThe.
Layers of the Earth. Directions Take detailed notes about the different layers of the earth. Be sure to include: A Title Subtitles For Each Topic Drawings.
“Continental Drift” I. Early Evidence of Continental Movement: A. Continental Drift: 1. Continental Drift -A hypothesis, which states that continents.
Topic: Layers of the Earth PSSA: A / S8.D.1.1.
Plate Tectonics Liz LaRosa for use with my 5 th Grade Science Class 2009
Earth’s Layers The three main layers of Earth are the crust, mantle, and the core. These layers vary greatly in size, composition (what they are made of),
6.1 Earth’s Structure. Fossils of the same plants and animals are found on different continents that are separated by wide oceans. How could this have.
6.1 Earth’s Structure 6.1 Earth’s Structure.
“Continental Drift” I. Early Evidence of Continental Movement:
Vocabulary Flashcards
Plate Tectonics.
6.1 Earth’s Structure 6.1 Earth’s Structure.
Vocabulary Flashcards
Liz LaRosa Plate Tectonics Liz LaRosa
The Composition AND Structure of the Earth
Plate Tectonics Geology Unit: Slides
Layers of Earth.
Layers of Earth.
Plate Tectonics.
The Layers of the Earth.
Plate Tectonics Introduction
Plate Tectonics.
Plate Tectonics.
The Geosphere.
Inside the Earth.
Plate Tectonics.
Layers of the Earth.
Chapter 1 Earth’s Layers.
Plate Tectonics.
What is inside Earth? Because Earth’s center is too deep to dig to, we gather clues by looking at earthquakes, volcanoes, deep-sea trenches and mountains.
Plate Tectonics.
What is plate tectonics and continental drift?
Plate Tectonics.
Earth’s Interior Chapter 2 Lesson 2
Plate Tectonics.
Plate Tectonics.
Earth Structure Notes.
Earth’s Crust.
Bellringer 8/15/16 What lies on the Earth’s crust? What are the two types?
Earth's Interior Notes.
Earth’s Crust.
Vocabulary Flashcards
The Earth’s Layers.
Plate Tectonics.
THE THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS
Plate Tectonics.
Inside the Earth.
What is Inside the Earth?
Presentation transcript:

Earth’s Crust

Convection currents

The Earth’s CRUST is the outer most part of the Earth’s surface. Average 32 km thick Thickest point 70 km (in mountains) Thinnest point 8 km (under ocean)

Lithosphere – all of the earth’s crust and part of the upper mantle. http://www.allaboutspace.com/subjects/astronomy/planets/earth/Inside.shtml Asthenosphere – plastic like layer below the lithosphere. The ridged plates of the lithosphere “float” on the more plastic layer called the asthenosphere.

l

Earth’s Mantle Mantle: Under the crust is the rocky mantle, which is composed of silicon, oxygen, magnesium, iron, aluminum, and calcium. The upper mantle is rigid and is part of the lithosphere (together with the crust). The asthenosphere is a part of the upper mantle that exhibits plastic properties. It is located below the lithosphere (the crust and upper mantle), between about 100 and 250 kilometers deep. The lower mantle flows slowly, at a rate of a few centimeters per year (Called mesosphere).

MESOSPHERE

Earth’s Mantle Convection (heat) currents carry heat from the hot inner mantle to the cooler outer mantle. The mantle is about 2,750 km (1,700 miles) thick. The mantle gets warmer with depth; the top of the mantle is about 870° C (1,600° F) Towards the bottom of the mantle, the temperature is about 2,200-3,700° C (4,000-6,700° F) The mantle contains most of the mass of the Earth. The Gutenberg discontinuity separates the outer core and the mantle.

Earth’s Core Core: The Earth has a iron-nickel core that is about 2,100 miles in radius. The inner core may have a temperature up to about 7,200°C (13,000°F = 7,500 K), which is hotter than the surface of the Sun. The inner core (which has a radius of about 1,228 km (750 miles) is solid. The outer core is in a liquid state and is about 2,260 km (1,400 miles) thick. 4000-5000°C

Earth’s Layers Crust: Thin, hard outermost layer Lithosphere: crust and upper mantle; RIGID and hard Asthenosphere: upper mantle that is more flowing (lithosphere/crust floats on it) Mesosphere (Lower Mantle) Outer Core Inner Core Mantle

Plate tectonic – theory that Earth’s crust and part of the upper mantle are broken into sections called plates. Continental drift – idea that continents have moved slowly to their current positions due to convection currents in the mantel. Pangea – the idea that the all land masses on earth were once a single large land mass.

Early Case for Continental Drift- Alfred Wegener (F. B. Taylor & H. H Early Case for Continental Drift- Alfred Wegener (F.B. Taylor & H.H. Baker) Continental coastlines fit together 1620 Sir Francis Bacon: Africa and S. America Rocks & structures indicated that continents joined Pangea- supercontinent of the late Paleozoic Separated into Laurasia & Gondwanaland Fossil evidence- Glossopteris & Mesosaurus Late Paleozoic glaciation Skepticism about Continental Drift Problem of driving mechanism

Continental Drift Alfred Wegener 1912 Pangaea (ALL EARTH) Evidence: Continents FIT together like the pieces of a puzzle Fossils Rocks & structures Paleoclimate

Continental Drift Alfred Wegener 1912 Pangaea (ALL EARTH) Evidence: Continents FIT together like the pieces of a puzzle Fossils Rocks and structures Paleoclimate

Continental Drift Alfred Wegener 1912 Pangaea (ALL EARTH) Evidence: Continents FIT together like the pieces of a puzzle Fossils Rocks and structures Paleoclimate

Ocean floor spreading – theory that hot less dense material below Earth’s crust rises toward the surface at the mid-ocean ridges. Then, it flows sideways, carrying the seafloor away from the ridge in both directions. http://geology.com/nsta/divergent-boundary-oceanic.gif Convection current – unequal distribution of heat in the mantel causes a net movement in a circular motion.