Urinary System Organs Hepatic veins (cut) Esophagus (cut)

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Presentation transcript:

Urinary System Organs Hepatic veins (cut) Esophagus (cut) Inferior vena cava Renal artery Adrenal gland Renal hilum Aorta Renal vein Kidney Iliac crest Ureter Rectum (cut) Uterus (part of female reproductive system) Urinary bladder Urethra Figure 25.1

cortex medulla Renal pelvis

Minor calyx Major calyx pelvis

The Blood Supply to the Kidneys Cortical Radiate Artery Cortical Radiate Arteries Figure 26.5a, b

Cortical radiate artery interlobar artery Arcuate artery Renal artery

Glomerulus Afferent arteriole Cortical radiate A. Arcuate A.

Afferent arteriole Efferent arteriole Glomerulus

Glomerulus Cortical radiate V. Peritubular capillaries Arcuate V. Vasa recta

http://adam.about.com/encyclopedia/1704.htm

Nephrons Each kidney contains over million nephrons – the anatomical units responsible for urine formation. Nephron functions include Production of filtrate Reabsorption of organic nutrients, water and ions Secretion of waste products into tubular fluid

Nephron’s parts Consists of 2 parts: The renal corpuscle which is the location of blood filtration It is composed of Bowman’s capsule Glomerulus The renal tubule is the location of filtrate processing into urine It is consists of Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

http://www.sunyniagara.cc.ny.us/val/corpuscle.jpg

PCT DCT

PCT DCT

Cortical and Juxtamedullary Nephrons Figure 26.7a

Nephron Anatomy Figure 25.5a

Urinalysis Glucose –high blood sugar due to diabetes or increased uptake of sugar or carbohydrates (glycosuria) Ketone bodies –product of the breakdown of protein, starvation, weight loss, high fever, diabetes (ketonuria) Proteins –high blood pressure, physical exertion, pregancy, kidney infection (proteinuria) WBCs –infection (pyuria) RBCs –infection, injury to kidneys, kidney stones (hematuria) Hemoglobin –transfusion reaction, hemolytic anemia (hemogloinuria) Bile Pigments –hepatitis (bilirubinuria)

Dipstick Test

Calcium Oxalate Crystals Urine Sediment Calcium Phosphate Uric Acid Crystals Calcium Oxalate Crystals http://bodieswelive.tumblr.com/ http://www.vet.uga.edu/vpp/clerk/Torres/ http://liveonearth.livejournal.com/816989.html?thread=1321053 Cholesterol Crystals Epithelial cells http://liveonearth.livejournal.com/816989.html?thread=1321053 http://panji1102.blogspot.com/2009/11/urinalysis-crystals-cast.html

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