Policy needs for climate change, environment statistics and data analysis Edit Kónya DG for Agriculture and Rural Development Unit H.4 – Environment, Forestry and Climate Changes

1. Brief overview of the policy 2. Use of data - examples 3. Policy needs

The CAP post-2013 – from challenges to reform objectives Policy objectives Reform objectives Europe 2020 Enhanced competitiveness Economic Viable food production Environmental Sustainable management of natural resources and climate action Improved sustainability During the consultation process before and after the Communication of November 2010, one of the main issue concerns the challenges and objectives of the CAP for the future. Three broad areas are at the core of the CAP - viable food production, sustainable management of natural resources and balanced territorial development. Viable food production implies a need to contribute to farm income and limit income volatility; we don't want farmers to face an environment of fixed income. We want them to get a market signal, that has been the philosophy of the reforms of the last 15 years, but we want them to be able to minimize/mitigate this volatility with a certain level of fixed income support. We need to further improve the competitiveness of the agricultural sector and more importantly to increase its share of the food chain value added and to compensate areas that do have natural constraints. Through the sustainable management of natural resources, we need to guarantee the provision of public goods, stemming from agricultural activities, to promote green growth through innovation (and that is a very direct link to the Europe 2020 strategy) and to pursue climate change mitigation and adaptation with the strategies throughout all agricultural areas. And finally, with respect to the balanced territorial development, we want to continue supporting rural vitality and employment, promote diversification in agricultural areas and allow social structural diversity in rural areas. That doesn't mean that we want to stop structural changes, as we are often criticized; it implies to accommodate structural change with the type of measures that would allow the farmers that stay in these regions to become more competitive, and the ones that leave agriculture in these regions, hopefully to find other type of employment in the same area. Greater effectiveness Territorial Balanced territorial development Simplification

Innovation, Climate Change and Environment Strategic programming Rural development priorities Focus areas Cross-cutting objectives 1. Knowledge transfer and Innovation (a) innovation, cooperation, and the development of the knowledge base; (b) links between agriculture, food production and forestry and research and innovation; (c) lifelong learning and vocational training. 2. Farm viability, competitiveness, innovative farm technologies, sustainable forest management (a) economic performance of all farms and farm restructuring and modernisation, notably to increase market participation/orientation and diversification; (b) facilitating entry of adequately skilled farmers and generational renewal. 3. Food chain organisation, incl. processing/marketing, animal welfare and risk management (a) integration of primary producers into the agri-food chain: quality schemes, adding value, promotion in local markets and short supply circuits, producer groups/ organisations; (b) farm risk prevention and management. Innovation, Climate Change and Environment 4. Restoring, preserving and enhancing ecosystems (a) biodiversity, including in Natura 2000 areas, areas facing natural or other specific constraints and high nature value farming, and the state of European landscapes; (b) water management, including fertiliser and pesticide management; (c) prevention of soil erosion and soil management. 5. Resource efficiency and shift towards a low carbon and climate resilient economy (a) efficiency in water use (b) efficiency in energy use (c) renewable sources of energy, by products, wastes and non-food raw material for the bio-economy (d) reduction of greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions (e) carbon conservation and sequestration 6. Social inclusion, poverty reduction and economic development in rural areas (a) diversification, creation and development of small enterprises and job creation (b) local development in rural areas (c) information and communication technologies (ICT) in rural areas

1. Overview 2. Use of data - examples 3. Policy needs

Rural development (RD) in the EU http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/statistics/rural-development/index_en.htm Rural development (RD) in the EU Purpose: To provide, on a regular basis, a comprehensive set of information on RD policy and rural areas (EU-27 plus candidate countries)  statistics and analysis Frequency: Annual update, published on Europa by the end of each year Data sources: Eurostat, European Commission, other data sources at EU level Geographical level:National, regional (NUTS 1, 2, 3), rural/urban typology, degree of urbanisation, RD programs Formats: Internet, paper copies, CD-ROM

Content In general: Data presented according to the structure of the Common Monitoring and Evaluation Framework for RD  60 indicators describing the context of the RD programs: Importance of rural areas (2 indicators) Socio-economic situation of rural areas (8 indicators) Sectorial economic indicators (17 indicators) Environment (20 indicators) Diversification and quality of life in rural areas (11 indicators) Leader (1 indicator) Tables, graphs and maps are prepared for each indicator  short analysis (2-3 pages) of current situation and the recent evolution Other chapters: Analytical highlights Financial chapters

Content On environment:

Evaluation of the policy

2. Use of data – Some examples 1. Overview 2. Use of data – Some examples 3. Policy needs

Policy needs – Monitoring and evaluation for the CAP 2014-2020 Article 110 of the horizontal regulation sets a Common Monitoring and Evaluation Framework (CMEF) for the whole CAP  with specificities for each pillar The CMEF will serve to help assess the progress, efficiency and effectiveness of the policy in meeting the objectives defined for the CAP 2014-2020 http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/cap-post-2013/index_en.htm A common set of indicators for monitoring and evaluation is one of the main elements of the system Context, impact, result and output indicators

Policy needs 2. To make the link between expenditure and results to demonstrate the (direct) effect of a measure, a policy intervention Analyse the cost-effectiveness of an investment, activity To see the results per different type of management option (for example emission saving(s) per categories of management) 'Outputs' to be converted into 'results' To justify the effects of the support how they served the objectives

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CAP general objectives Impact indicators Context indicators CAP general objectives Impact indicators CAP specific objectives Result indicators Situation & trends Pillar I instruments & Pillar II measures Output indicators

Common context indicators (CCIs) for RD programs In the last year, Commission has worked intensively with the Member States (and with the support of the Evaluation Helpdesk) to define this common set of 45 indicators

Some challenges concerning the context indicators Definition of the indicator: Definitions used in national statistics may not be exactly the same than the European ones No common definition exist for one indicator (High nature value farming) Methodology: Different methodologies / broad range of methodologies Complex indicators need additional explanations / not always easy to interpret / MS may want to prefer to create specific context indicators using their own methodologies Urban/rural typology may not be adecuate for analysis at regional level  MS are encouraged to define methodologies suitable for intra-regional analyses and to create specific indicators Data availability in European data sources: Regional data not always exist  needed for regional RD programs and for additional calculations (i.e. to apply urban/rural typology) Environmental indicators  periodicity of the data source / latest data available can be old / important gaps at regional level