4.8 Review The Atom

1. Explain the difference between matter and mass. Anything that has volume and mass Mass: The quantity of matter an object has

2. Explain how elements and atoms are related. Atoms are the smallest part of an element that has all the properties of that element.

3. Who is John Dalton and what are the four main points of his theory. Discovered that all matter is made up of individual particles called atoms, which cannot be divided All elements are composed of atoms All atoms of the same element have the same mass and atoms of different elements have different masses Compounds contain atoms of more than one element In a particular compound, atoms of different elements always combine in the same way

4. List what Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr contributed to the atomic theory. Particles in the atom have a charge Rutherford He proposed the idea of the nucleus Bohr Electrons are arranged around the nucleus in energy levels

Dalton Thomson Rutherford Bohr

5. Complete the Chart Protons + 1 amu In Nucleus Neutrons = Electrons Charge Mass Location Protons + 1 amu In Nucleus Neutrons = Electrons - Negligible Outside of Nucleus How are electrons arranged around the nucleus? Electrons are arranged in Electron Energy Levels outside of the nucleus.

6. Draw a picture of a carbon-12 atom.

7. Draw a picture of a Lithium-7 atom.

8. How many protons does nitrogen always have? 7 a. What about Titanium? 22

9. Complete the following isotope chart. Carbon - 12 Carbon - 16 Sulfur - 23 Sulfur - 25 # of protons 6 16 # of neutrons 10 7 9 # of electrons

Number of Electrons Lost or Gained 10. Ion Practice Element Name Ion Symbol Number or Protons Number of Electrons Number of Electrons Lost or Gained Fluorine F- 9 10 gained one Potassium K +1 19 18 lost one Calcium Ca+2 20 Lost two Bromine Br -1 35 36 Gained one

11. Explain the difference between an ion and an isotope. Same atomic # and same mass number: Different number of electrons Isotope: Same atomic #; different mass number: Different number of neutrons

12. Explain how a compound and a molecule are related. Compound: Pure substance made up of two or more elements Molecule: Smallest part of a compound that still has all of the properties of that compound

Section #4 Packet due on Tuesday! 4.9 QUIZ Tomorrow Any Questions Section #4 Packet due on Tuesday!