Georgi Iskrov, MBA, MPH, PhD Department of Social Medicine Applied statistics Georgi Iskrov, MBA, MPH, PhD Department of Social Medicine

Step 1 Check and code data (I) Metric variables: are all values OK? are there any outliers? Categorical variables transform text input into numerical data category of “Other”: error or important insight? Consistency and validity of data

Step 1 Check and code data (II) MS Excel SPSS: Variable view Name Type Lables Missing Measure Data view

Observation and comparison Next Step Before you move on, what is the aim of research? Observation and comparison Define specific variables for cross-comparison: Treated vs Non-treated Exposed vs Non-exposed Male vs Female Children vs Adults

Step 2 Describe data Metric variables: Mean, median Standard deviation, range Standard error of the mean Categorical variable: Proportion Standard error of proportion Tables Diagrams and charts

Step 3 Compare data Look for some difference Look for some association Means Proportions Parametric vs Non-parametric tests

Step 3 (II) Modelling and forecasting Regression analysis Survival analysis etc

Step 4 Disseminate your findings Conference posters Conference presentations Scientific papers Indexed in PubMed Thomson Reuters Impact Factor