Learning Theories But not like you and I normally think about learning - there is nothing “inside” 7 7.

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Presentation transcript:

Learning Theories But not like you and I normally think about learning - there is nothing “inside” 7 7

1. Assumption of Learning Theorists Attitudes are basically learned (acquired) The key is the LINK between behavior and the environment Attitudes can change by relearning - relinking 12/30/2018 8

2. Classical Conditioning Pavlov’s dogs Conditioned Stimulus/Response is linked to Unconditioned Stimulus/Response ucr cr ucs “Bee” cs 12/30/2018 9

3. Staats & Staats Experiments Things Paired Repeatedly Slogan Study Free Lunch Unpleasant Odor Neutral Setting Shock Study Word Study 12/30/2018 10

4. Critique of Staats & Staats Without people’s awareness Learned experimenter's wishes (demand characteristics) 12/30/2018 11

5. Vicarious Classical (Cont’d) Watch Models Model in Pain You Experience It 12/30/2018 12

6. Instrumental Conditioning Responses become more (or less) likely because of consequences Assumption - People tend to maximize rewards and minimize negative consequences 12/30/2018 13

7. Operant Conditioning Process “Plural Nouns” Study Doob’s “black box” Idea S R S R 12/30/2018 14

8. Observational Learning Positive Models Negative Models 12/30/2018 15

9. Radical Behaviorism No such thing as an “attitude Our attitudes are determined by what we do We infer our internal states Uses backwards reasoning process 12/30/2018 16

Bem There is now sufficient evidence to suggest that under certain conditions, one of the most effective ways “to change the hearts & minds of men” is to change their behavior. 12/30/2018 17

10. Critique What about the negative? What about an attitude? What about thought? How do we define reward & punishment without a brain? Isn’t this all too simple? 12/30/2018 18