CYBERSPACE: CAN FRAGMENTATION BE STOPPED CYBERSPACE: CAN FRAGMENTATION BE STOPPED? Evgeny Grigorenko, Head of Public Affairs, Europe, Kaspersky Lab

Just a few global trends we see today…

3 #1 Balkanization

#1 Balkanization Balkanization as a natural response Growth of amount of APTs and cyber incidents + industrial internet Need for critical infrastructure protection State regulation as a solution Balkanization as a natural response

#1 Balkanization ? ? ? European Union UK Australia China Singapore 5 #1 Balkanization ? ? European Union UK Australia China NIS Directive, GDPR, E-evidence Investigatory Powers Bill 2016 Assistance and Access Bill Cybersecurity law 2017 ? Singapore Germany Russia Cybersecurity Bill 2017 Telecommunications Data Retention Law 2017 Critical Informational Infrastructure Law 2018

6 #2 Protectionism

#2 Protectionism Stimulation of domestic companies 7 #2 Protectionism Stimulation of domestic companies Enforcement of foreign companies to collaborate Squeezing out foreign companies from domestic market

#3 Militarization of cyberspace

#3 Militarization of cyberspace More than 30 countries have announced they have military cyber-divisions Legislative pressure on digital companies: Chinese cybersecurity law Singapore cybersecurity law… In-Q-Tel, Unit 8200, etc. NATO article 5 Defense – an element of offense

#4 Collapse of international cooperation

#4 Collapse of international cooperation Crisis of trust Underdevelopment of international legislation at the same time Increase of local legislative pressure Geopolitical freeze Inefficiency of international institutions (UN GGE – fail)

…How to clean up this mess Global Transparency Initiative