Chapter 16 Vocabulary

Border States Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri; slave states that lay between the North and the South and did not join the Confederacy during the Civil War.

Cotton diplomacy Confederate efforts to use the importance of southern cotton to Britain’s textile industry to persuade the British to support the Confederacy in the Civil War

Ironclads A warship that is heavily armored with iron

Emancipation Proclamation An order issued by President Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; took effect January 1, 1863. Did not free slaves in the border state!

Contrabands An escaped slave who joined the Union army during the Civil War

Total War A type of war which an army destroys its opponent’s ability to fight by targeting civilian and economic as well as military resources

Gettysburg Address A speech given by Abraham Lincoln in which he praised the bravery of union soldiers and renewed his commitment to winning the Civil War. Referred to the Declaration of Independence when Lincoln said “all men are created equal”.

Copperheads A group of northern Democrats who opposed abolition and sympathized with the South during the Civil War.

Habeas Corpus Constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment.

Anaconda Plan The North’s plan to cut off supplies to the South through naval blockades and gain control of the Mississippi River.