Pregnancies of unknown location after in vitro fertilization: minimally invasive management with Karman cannula aspiration  Paula Brady, M.D., Anthony.

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Pregnancies of unknown location after in vitro fertilization: minimally invasive management with Karman cannula aspiration  Paula Brady, M.D., Anthony N. Imudia, M.D., Awoniyi O. Awonuga, M.D., Diane L. Wright, Ph.D., Aaron K. Styer, M.D., Thomas L. Toth, M.D.  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 101, Issue 2, Pages 420-426 (February 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.10.056 Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Diagnostic outcomes of pregnancies of unknown location from fresh and frozen IVF cycles using autologous oocytes. Pregnancy of unknown location defined as a positive serum β-hCG without evidence of extrauterine or intrauterine pregnancy on transvaginal ultrasound. Abnormal β-hCG trend defined as an increase <53% or a decrease <15% in 2 days. Early failed intrauterine pregnancy diagnosed by β-hCG decline ≥15% after sampling (“adequate β-hCG decline,” n = 30) and/or villi on final pathologic diagnosis (“Villi,” n = 21). Presumed ectopic pregnancies (EP) met neither criterion. Fertility and Sterility 2014 101, 420-426DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.10.056) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions