BMRC MIG Seminar September 16, 1998 http://iceberg.cs.berkeley.edu Bridge to the Future ICEBERG: From POTS to PANS Anthony D. Joseph Randy H. Katz B. R. Badrinath UC Berkeley S. S. 7 BMRC MIG Seminar September 16, 1998 http://iceberg.cs.berkeley.edu Cellular “Core” Network

Transparent Information Access Speech-to-Text Speech-to-Voice Attached-Email Call-to-Pager/Email Notification Email-to-Speech All compositions of the above! Universal In-box Policy-based Location-based Activity-based

Smart Spaces Walk into a A/V room and control everything with your own wireless PDA Services for each device Automated discovery and use Automated UI generation Composite behaviors Phones as well as PDAs Speech-enabled control

Potentially Any Network Service (PANS) Iceberg Access Points (More than gateways) Provide policy engine Handle routing, security IAP Same service in different networks Service handoff between networks E.g., “follow me” service E.g., any-to-any service High BW IP core Diverse access links 2-way Paging PSTN GSM/CDMA IP WIP

ICEBERG: Internet-based core for CEllular networks BEyond the thiRd Generation Project: June 1998 - June 2001, joint with Ericsson The Challenge Developing service intensive, network-based, real-time applications Securely embedding computational resources in the switching fabric Providing an open, extensible network environment: heterogeneity Computing Encapsulating legacy servers and partitioning “thin” client functionality Scalability: 100,000s of simultaneous users in the SF Bay Area High BW IP backbones plus diverse access networks Different coverage, bandwidth, latency, and cost characteristics Third generation cellular systems: UMTS/IMT2000 Next generation wireless LANs: Bluetooth Home networking: DSL / Cable modem

Important Trends Multimedia / Voice over IP networks Lower cost, more flexible packet-switching core network Simultaneous delay sensitive and delay insensitive flows (RSVP, Class-based Queuing, Link Scheduling) Intelligence shifts to the network edges User-implemented functionality Programmable intelligence inside the network Proxy servers intermixed with switching infrastructure TACC model & Java code: “write once, run anywhere” Rapid new service development Speech-based services Implications for cellular network infrastructure of the 21st century? High BW data (384 Kb/s-2 Mb/s): Reliable Link Protocols

Outline Example Services Challenges and Trends Project Goals Experimental Testbed Project Approach and Strategy Research Areas Summary

ICEBERG Project Goals Demonstrate ease of new service deployment Packet voice for computer-telephony integration Speech- and location-enabled applications Complete interoperation of speech, text, fax/image across the four P’s: PDAs, pads, pagers, phones) Mobility and generalized routing redirection Demonstrate new system architecture to support innovative applications Personal Information Management Universal In-box: e-mail, news, fax, voice mail Notification redirection: e.g., e-mail, pager Home networking and control of “smart” spaces, sensor/actuator integration Build on experience with A/V equipped rooms in Soda Hall

ICEBERG Project Goals Understand the implications for cellular network design based on IP technology Cellular / IP interworking functionality IP network provisioning for scalability “Soft” QoS for delay-sensitive flows Multinetwork mobility and security support Understand how to Encapsulate existing applications services like speech-to-text Deploy and manage such computationally intensive services in the network Integrate other kinds of services, like mobility and redirection, inside the network

Experimental Testbed Smart Spaces Personal Information Management IBM WorkPad Nino Velo MC-16 CF788 Motorola Pagewriter 2000 WLAN / Bluetooth Pager 306 Soda 405 Soda SimMillennium Network Infrastructure H.323 GW 326 Soda “Colab” GSM BTS TCI @Home Smart Spaces Personal Information Management Millennium Cluster Millennium Cluster

Project Approach Understanding three key research areas Cellular / IP integration Mobility Management Wireless link management Packet Scheduling in GPRS and W-CDMA Reliable Link Protocols Proxy- and Multicast-Enabled Services Speech / Information dissemination ProActive Infrastructure: NINJA Computing resources spread among switching infrastructure Computationally intensive services: e.g., voice-to-text Service and server discovery Security, authentication, and billing

Internet-Scale Systems Research Group Personal Information Management and “Smart Spaces” Distributed Videoconferencing Room-scale Collaboration Speech and Location Aware Applications ICEBERG Computer-Telephony Services MASH Media Processing Services TranSend Extensible Proxy Services Active Services Architecture Distributed Computing Services: NINJA Computing and Communications Platform: Millennium/NOW

Project Strategy Analyze Design Implement GSM Infrastructure Elements -- Data over PBMS GSM Network -- GSM Base Station -- Integration with IP-infrastructure Analyze Existing Systems Design Next Generation Implement New System Prototype Elements -- Handset/computer integration -- Java-enabled components --Speech-based services ns & BONES Simulations -- Ericsson channel error models -- GSM-based infrastructure -- GSM media access & link layer

Outline Example Services Challenges and Trends Project Goals Experimental Testbed Project Approach and Strategy Research Areas Summary

Cellular / IP Integration Integrating a GSM BTS with an IP core network Mapping IP signaling to SS7 radio management Call admission and handoff Mobility management interworking Mobile IP uses home agent / foreign agent GSM uses Home Location Register / Visiting Location Register Handoff between Mobile IP and GSM networks Scalability, security of Mobile IP? Generalized redirection agents User- or service-specified dynamic policy-based redirection 1-800 service, email to pagers, etc. Service mobility as a first class object

GSM BTS-IP Integration Interactive Voice Response Simulates BSC and MSC functionality Infocaster NetMeeting VAT PC Control Signaling Internet IP-PAD Signaling UPSim BTS E1 Ethernet Traffic E1: Voice @ 13kb/s Data @ 12kb/s GSM Phone H.323 GW PSTN Demo in 440 Soda after the talk

Service Mobility as a First-Class Object Universal Names: Globally unique IDs “Anthony@Berkeley” OfficePSTN: 510-643-7212 FaxPSTN: 510-643-7352 DeskIP: rover.cs.berkeley.edu:555 LaptopIP: fido.cs.berkeley.edu:555 PCS: 510-388-7212 E-mail: adj@cs.berkeley.edu Home: 510-555-1212 An Entity has a universal name and a profile; Entities are people or processes Profile: set of domain-specific names

Iceberg Inter-Domain Naming Protocol IAP Call(Randy@Berkeley, Caller’s network, Interactive, CallerID certificate) IDNP Server Profile Policy Replicated Information: Real-time Lazy Epidemic minutes/hours days/weeks weeks/months System State IDNP Server

Wireless Link Management Modeling GSM media access, link, routing, and transport layers Validated ns modeling suite and BONES simulator GSM channel error models from Ericsson QoS and link scheduling for next generation links High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD), General Packet Radio System (GPRS), and Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) RSVP signaling integration with bottleneck link scheduling Reliable Link Protocols Wireless links have high error rates (> 1%) Reliable transport protocols (TCP) interpret errors as congestion Solution is ARQ protocol, but retransmissions introduce jitter

RLP-TCP Collection & Analysis Tools RLP and TCP interaction measurement / analysis Both are reliable protocols (link and transport layers) Trace analysis tool to determine current interaction effects Trace collection/analysis for design of next generation networks TCP: End-to-End Reliability RLP: Wireless Reliability GSM Network BTS BSC MSC TCP / RLP stats RLP stats TCP / RLP stats Post-processing tool (120 bytes/s) Demo after talk

TCP and RLP Data Plot Sent 30,720 bytes from mobile host to stationary host

New Services Encapsulating complex data transformations Speech-to-text, text-to-speech Composition of services Voice mail-to-email, email-to-voice mail Location-aware information services E.g., traffic reports Multicast-enabled information services Multilayered multicast: increasing level of detail as number of subscribed layers increase

Simulated Ninja Environment Speech is the ubiquitous access method Access from millions of phones (analog to digital cellular) Simja Server Service Entity Room Control Entity Barbara Emre Room (MASH) UDP RMI Gateway Cell Phone IP-Pad (BTS) RTP

Interactive Voice Response to A/V Devices Application First application: Controlling A/V devices Next application: Personal Information Mgmt (PIM) A/V Devices Path ICSI Speech Recognizer Text to Command Room Entity Audio Text Cmd Microphone Cell phone Response to Client Demo after talk

Summary Large-scale testbed deployment is progressing well Lots of work by the students during the summer BTS-IP integration progressing Iceberg testbed will be mostly completed this fall Testbed will enable development of new protocols Lots of on-going design work Automatic path creation Service handoff: Passing metadata across/through networks IVR: More applications and devices (WindowsCE) Service location and discovery Query model and security RLP implementation in IP-PAD

BMRC MIG Seminar September 16, 1998 http://iceberg.cs.berkeley.edu Bridge to the Future ICEBERG: From POTS to PANS Anthony D. Joseph Randy H. Katz B. R. Badrinath UC Berkeley S. S. 7 BMRC MIG Seminar September 16, 1998 http://iceberg.cs.berkeley.edu Cellular “Core” Network