iClicker Questions for Exploring Psychology, 9th Edition by David G. Myers Karla Gingerich, Colorado State University Chapter 4: Developing Through the Life Span

Cell differentiation begins when the prenatal organism is a(n): A. zygote. B. fetus. C. embryo. D. single cell. Answer: A

Infants' tendency to gaze longer at novel stimuli than at familiar ones provides compelling evidence regarding their: A. self-concepts. B. egocentrism. C. stranger anxiety. D. memory capacities. Answer: Answer: D

Two closed, pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are suddenly judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is inverted. The child apparently lacks a: A. sense of object permanence. B. concept of conservation. C. capacity for habituation. D. secure attachment. Answer: B

Jack is learning to understand algebra Jack is learning to understand algebra. He loves to discuss philosophical issues with his friends, and is exploring various religious beliefs. Jack is in Jean Piaget’s __________ stage. A. preoperational B. sensorimotor C. formal operational D. concrete operational Answer: C

After Nadia learned that penguins can't fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This best illustrates the process of: A. conservation. B. assimilation. C. habituation. D. accommodation. Answer: D

Although 3-year-old Adam happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist's waiting room, he periodically returns to his mother's side for brief moments. Adam most clearly displays signs of: A. secure attachment. B. object permanence. C. egocentrism. D. stranger anxiety. Answer: A

"I don't care whether you want to wash the dishes, you will do so because I said so!" This statement is most representative of a(n) ________ parenting style. A. preconventional B. authoritative C. formal operational D. authoritarian Answer: D

According to Erik Erikson, the task of the adolescent is to: A. find intimacy. B. establish an identity. C. become autonomous. D. conquer their sense of inferiority. Answer: B

Marissa resents the burden and constraints of caring for her infant daughter and frequently ignores her cries for attention. As a consequence, her daughter is most likely to display signs of: A. egocentrism. B. accommodation. C. insecure attachment. D. habituation. Answer: C

Research on developmental stability and change indicates that: A. at the age of 1 or 2, adult personality traits are still largely unpredictable. B. development is almost completely dominated by discontinuity over time. C. temperament is a particularly unstable trait. D. none of the above are true. Answer: A

People differ the most in their learning and memory abilities during: A. late adolescence. B. early adulthood. C. middle adulthood. D. later adulthood. Answer: D

As Ellen ages, which of the following abilities will show improvement? A. recall of the states and their capitals B. mental rotation of a three-dimensional figure C. performance a crossword puzzle D. solving new logic problems Answer: C

Critical Thinking Questions

John’s two-year-old twins are constantly fighting over toys John’s two-year-old twins are constantly fighting over toys. This behavior is driving John crazy because the twins are hitting each other and pulling toys from each other. He decides to have a talk with them to explain that their behavior has to change. He tells each of them that the other one feels bad when being hit and that they should learn to share. Continued on next slide

Continued from previous slide To his dismay, the behavior continued as if he hadn’t done anything. According to Jean Piaget, why might this be happening? A. Two-year-olds are egocentric and cannot understand things from another’s point of view. B. His children are simply misbehaving and stronger punishment is required. C. During this age children are learning conservation and they are trying to get all the toys for themselves. D. Sibling rivalry cannot be controlled. It is just a phase. Answer: A

Three-year-old Jorge sees his sister Isabel put on their father’s big boots and walk around outside in the fresh snow. Isabel asks Jorge, “When mommy comes home and sees the footprints, who will she think was walking around in the snow outside?” Jorge will reply, A. “Daddy!” B. “Mommy!” C. “Me!” D. “You!” Answer: D

Your four-year-old child firmly believes in Santa and has no difficulty in accepting that he comes down the chimney with toys and goodies—despite the fact that your house has no fireplace or chimney. What would Jean Piaget say about this? A. Your child might need some extra help in distinguishing fantasy from reality. B. Your child is acting too young for her age. C. Your child is perfectly normal. D. Your child should be encouraged to reason things out. Answer: C

Your nine-year-old child is fascinated with playing board and card games. He insists on reading all of the rules and following guidelines exactly. What characteristic of the concrete operational stage is he exhibiting? A. The child is exhibiting object permanence. B. The child is exhibiting conservation of mass. C. The child is exhibiting reversibility of thinking. D. The child is exhibiting the increase in logical thinking. Answer: D