Expression and Hormonal Regulation of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 in Myometrium and Leiomyomata  Ibrahim Sozen, M.D., David L Olive, M.D., Aydin Arici, M.D.  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 69, Issue 6, Pages 1095-1102 (June 1998) DOI: 10.1016/S0015-0282(98)00072-7

FIGURE 1 Northern analysis of MCP-1 mRNA in myometrium and leiomyoma. (A), Total RNA (20 μg per lane) isolated from myometrial and autologous leiomyoma was evaluated. Samples are arranged according to the day of the menstrual cycle. Top: MCP-1 mRNA. Bottom: Internal control G3PDH mRNA. M = myometrium; L = leiomyoma; G3PDH = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (B), Graphic bars represent mean (±SEM) value of arbitrary densitometric unit for MCP-1 mRNA of myometrial and fibroid tissues shown in A grouped as atrophic, proliferative phase, and secretory phase samples. MCP-1 = monocyte chemotactic protein-1. Fertility and Sterility 1998 69, 1095-1102DOI: (10.1016/S0015-0282(98)00072-7)

FIGURE 2 The MCP-1 mRNA in myometrium from women with or without leiomyoma. Total RNA (20 μg per lane) isolated from myometrium of the leiomyomata patients (bottom), or from myometrium of menstrual day-matched control patients, i.e., without leiomyoma (top). Both panels are arranged according to the day of the menstrual cycle, and hybridization was performed on a single blot. D = day of the menstrual cycle. Fertility and Sterility 1998 69, 1095-1102DOI: (10.1016/S0015-0282(98)00072-7)

FIGURE 3 Effect of estradiol-17β (E2), progesterone (P), and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) protein production in myometrial cell cultures. Confluent myometrial cells were placed in serum- and phenol red-free medium 24 hours before incubation with E2 (50 nM), P (100 nM), or MPA (100 nM) for 24 hours alone or simultaneously. At the end of the treatment period, the culture media were collected, and MCP-1 was quantified by ELISA. Data are means ± SEM for four replicates. Fertility and Sterility 1998 69, 1095-1102DOI: (10.1016/S0015-0282(98)00072-7)

FIGURE 4 (A), Effect of interleukin-1α and tumor necrosis factor-α on MCP-1 mRNA levels in myometrial cell cultures. Confluent cells were treated with interleukin-1α (0.01–10 U/mL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (1 and 10 ng/mL) for 8 hours. At the end of the treatment period, total RNA was prepared from the cells. MCP-1 mRNA was evaluated by Northern analysis of the total RNA (10 μg per lane). C = control. (B), Effect of platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor-β on MCP-1 mRNA levels in myometrial cell cultures. Confluent cells were treated with platelet-derived growth factor (10 ng/mL) and tumor growth factor-β isotypes (1 ng/mL) for 8 hours. At the end of the treatment period, total RNA was prepared from the cells. The MCP-1 mRNA was evaluated by Northern analysis of the total RNA (10 μg per lane). C = control. Fertility and Sterility 1998 69, 1095-1102DOI: (10.1016/S0015-0282(98)00072-7)

FIGURE 5 Tritiated thymidine incorporation into myometrial cells in culture: dose response for mouse neutralizing antibody to human MCP-1. ∗P = 0.01; ∗∗P = 0.03; both compared with control. cpm = counts per minute. Fertility and Sterility 1998 69, 1095-1102DOI: (10.1016/S0015-0282(98)00072-7)