5 Matter and Bonding
Classifying Matter Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Compounds Homogenous Heterogeneous Elements NaCl(aq) granite metals nonmetals ionic covalent tea pineapple juice Na Cl2 NaCl NO2 Au I2 NH4Cl C12H22O11
Ionic Compounds Metal + Nonmetal Cl Na e-
Ionic Compounds Metal + Nonmetal Cl- Na+ Strong Bond- all ionic compounds are solids, high melting points
Ionic
Potassium dichromate
Copper II sulphate
Chromium III chloride
Ammonium vanadate
Potassium permanganate
Iron III chloride
Magnesium Sulphate
Lead IV oxide
Manganese II oxide
Nickel II oxide
Hg2+ PO43- Hg3(PO4)2 Hg2+ PO43- Hg2+ Formulas of Ionic Compounds Roman Numeral indicates ion charge of metal Mercury II phosphate Hg2+ PO43- Hg3(PO4)2 Hg2+ PO43- Hg2+
Naming Ionic Compounds Must use a roman numeral to indicate the charge of metal ions with more than one possible ion charge
Cr2O3 3+ Cr O2- +3 or +2 3+ Cr O2- O2- chromium III oxide
A roman numeral is not required when a metal has only one ion charge K2SO4 potassium sulphate +1 only
Covalent compounds- two nonmetals
Greek prefixes 1 – mono 7 - hepta 8 - octa 2 – di 9 – nona 3 – tri 10 - deca 4 – tetra 11 - undeca 5 – penta 6 - hexa 12 - dodeca
Formulas of Molecular Compounds sulphur dioxide NI3 nitrogen triiodide diphosphorus pentoxide P2O5 N4O9 tetranitrogen nonoxide No mono for 1st atom! Two ii’s are OK! End with ide! ao- drop the a
Name CuSO4 . 5H2O copper II sulphate pentahydrate CaHPO4 · 2H2O calcium monohydrogen phosphate dihydrate Na2SO4 · 10H2O sodium sulphate decahydrate
Write a balanced combustion equations with phase symbols. C12H24 + O2
Write a balanced combustion equations with phase symbols. C12H24 + O2 CO2 + H2O
Write a balanced combustion equations with phase symbols. C12H24 + O2 CO2 + H2O
Write a balanced combustion equations with phase symbols. C12H24 + O2 12CO2 + H2O
Write a balanced combustion equations with phase symbols. C12H24 + O2 12CO2 + 12H2O
Write a balanced combustion equations with phase symbols. C12H24 + 18O2 12CO2 + 12H2O
Write a balanced combustion equations with phase symbols. C12H24(l) + 18O2(g) 12CO2(g) + 12H2O(l)
Write a balanced equation with phase symbols. A solution of aluminum chloride, carbon dioxide, and water can be prepared mixing pure aluminum carbonate with a solution of hydrochloric acid. Al2(CO3)3(s) + 6HCl(aq) 3CO2(g) + 2AlCl3(aq) + 3H2O(l)
Workbook Assignment # 5