Urbanization and Politics in the Gilded Age

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Presentation transcript:

Urbanization and Politics in the Gilded Age Ch. 7 Section 2 and 3

Urbanization Urbanization- the growth of cities Why move to the city? More Jobs (Technology in farming made for less labor needed in rural areas Cheaper to live More people of same ethnicity

Urban Problems- Housing

Urban Problems- Transportation

Urban Problems-Water/Sanitation

Urban Problems Crime and Fire

Ch. 7 Section 3:Political machine Political Machine- Offer services to voters and business in exchange for political or financial support

Roll of the “Boss” City boss has influence/control over City Jobs business licenses Influenced courts Other city agencies City Boss did good for community Built schools Parks Sewers Hospitals Orphanages

Why City Boss did Good Deeds? Often got kickbacks from businesses Gained the vote of the people he helped out and increased his power.

Immigrants Because the City boss helped immigrants out… Immigrants voted for City boss. Another reason why natural born Americans did not like immigrants They had too much influence

Graft The illegal use of political influence for personal gain. “Kickbacks”- the giving of money made from government jobs back to the political machine who gave you the job in the first place.

Tweed Ring Tweed Ring Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YildL_ilQFY

End of Ch 7 Sect 3 Test on Thursday Review worksheets

Patronage The giving of government jobs to people who had helped a candidate get elected It is all about connections!!! Problems with Patronage? Unqualified for job

Merit System Pendleton civil Service Act of 1883 Federal Jobs were given to candidates based on performance on an exam Pros More honest government More efficient government Cons Candidates go to big business to fund their political careers

Progressives A movement that tried to restore economic opportunities and correct injustices in American Life

4 goals of Progressive Movement Protect social welfare Promote Moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Social Welfare YMCA (Young Men’s Christian association) Salvation Army Built recreation facilities for poor Salvation Army Fed poor in soup kitchens Instructed poor on principles of hard work Advocate for improving women’s/children’s lives Illinois Factory Act 1893- prevents child labor and limited women’s working hours

Moral Improvement Prohibition- Banning of Alcoholic beverages Went to saloons/Bars and prayed for people, sang gospel songs.

Economic Reform Big business often received favorable treatment over small business and used their power to limit competition Muckrakers- Journalist who wrote about corruption in big business Targets- Rockefeller and Standard Oil

Foster Efficiency Use Science to spur efficiency Break down task into simpler parts Birth of the assembly line

Teddy Roosevelt Timeline 1901 T.R. Becomes President 1902-1904 Trustbusting 1902 Coal Mine Strike 1902-1903 Conservation of Natural Resources 1903 Railroad Regulation 1906 Food Safety Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act 1906 Civil Rights? Supported Individuals, but not the movement overall

Progressives accomplishments Railroads regulated Protections for Women and children in work places Workers compensated for on the job injuries People can write laws (Initiative) People directly vote for Senators (17th amendment) Prohibition (18th Amendment) Women’s Suffrage (right to vote) (19th amendment)