The Periodic Table and the Elements What is the periodic table ? What information is obtained from the table ? How can elemental properties be predicted based on the Periodic Table?

Dmitri Mendeleev (1869) In 1869 Mendeleev (Russia) and Lothar Meyer (Germany) published nearly identical classification schemes for elements known at the time. The periodic table is based on the similarity of properties and reactivities exhibited by various elements. Later, Henri Moseley ( England,1887-1915) established that each element has a unique atomic number, which is how the current periodic table is organized. http://www.chem.msu.su/eng/misc/mendeleev/welcome.html

The Periodic Table A map of the building block of matter. http://www.chemsoc.org/viselements/pages/periodic_table.html

Periodic Table Expanded View The Periodic Table can be arranged by energy sub levels The s-block is Group IA and & IIA, the p-block is Group IIIA - VIIIA. The d-block is the transition metals, and the f-block are the Lanthanides and Actinide metals The way the periodic table usually shown is a compressed view. The Lanthanides and actinides (F block)are cut out and placed at the bottom of the table.

Periodic Table: Metallic arrangement Layout of the Periodic Table: Metals vs. nonmetals Nonmetals Metals

Periodic Table: The three broad Classes Main, Transition, Rare Earth Main (Representative), Transition metals, lanthanides and actinides (rare earth)

Reading the Periodic Table: Classification Nonmetals, Metals, Metalloids, Noble gases

Across the Periodic Table Periods: Are arranged horizontally across the periodic table (Rows 1-7) 1st TREND :Elements in the same period have the same number of orbitals. 2nd Period 6th Period

What is an Orbital You Ask? How many valence electrons does each one of these atoms have?

Down the Periodic Table Families are arranged vertically down the periodic table 2nd Trend: These elements have the same number of electrons in the outer most energy level , known as the valence shell. Alkali Family: 1 e- in the valence shell Halogen Family: 7 e- in the valence shell

What is a Valence Shell You Ask?

Periodic Table: Electron behavior 3rd Trend: The periodic table can be classified by the behavior of their electrons

4th Trend Atomic Radius Atomic Radius: The size of an atom is determined by the boundaries of the valence e-. Largest atoms are those found in the lower left corner.

5th Trend Ionization Energy The energy required to remove the valence electron from an atom. Largest toward upper right corner of periodic table since these atoms hold on to their valence e- the tightest.

6th Trend Electron Affinity -The energy released when an electron is added to an atom. -Highest among the elements of the upper right corner of the periodic table (excluding the noble gases) since these atoms have a great affinity for electrons.