Haemodynamic changes in trauma

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Haemodynamic changes in trauma E. Kirkman, S. Watts British Journal of Anaesthesia Volume 113, Issue 2, Pages 266-275 (August 2014) DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeu232 Copyright © 2014 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Effects of a progressive ‘simple’ haemorrhage in a male volunteer showing a biphasic response. Blood was withdrawn by venesection until the subject fainted. TPR, total peripheral resistance; HR, heart rate; BP, arterial blood pressure; RAP, right atrial (auricular) pressure (central venous pressure); CO, cardiac output. Reproduced from Barcroft and colleagues, with permission from Elsevier.9 British Journal of Anaesthesia 2014 113, 266-275DOI: (10.1093/bja/aeu232) Copyright © 2014 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Typical effects of a single blast exposure to the thorax of a terminally anaesthetized male Wistar rat on the electrocardiogram (ECG), systemic arterial blood pressure (Art BP), respiratory tidal volume (Resp Vol, inspiration upwards), femoral arterial blood flow (Fem Q), and femoral vascular resistance (Fem VR). A single blast wave was applied to the ventral thorax at the point indicated (Blast). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2014 113, 266-275DOI: (10.1093/bja/aeu232) Copyright © 2014 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Kaplan–Meier survival plots for four groups of terminally anaesthetized animals subjected to either sham blast (Sham) or blast (Blast), haemorrhagic shock and novel hybrid (NH) or hypotensive (Hypot) resuscitation with 0.9% saline (NS). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2014 113, 266-275DOI: (10.1093/bja/aeu232) Copyright © 2014 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Arterial base excess (ABE) and oxygen extraction ratio (OER) in four groups of terminally anaesthetized animals subjected to either sham blast (Sham) or blast (Blast), haemorrhagic shock, and resuscitation. The first dotted line represents the onset of resuscitation (hypotensive in all groups). The second dotted line indicates the onset of normotensive resuscitation in NH groups and continued hypotensive resuscitation in the Hypot groups. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2014 113, 266-275DOI: (10.1093/bja/aeu232) Copyright © 2014 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions